Accumulation of metals and metalloids in radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) and spinach (<i>Spinacea oleracea</i> L.) irrigated with domestic wastewater in the peri-urban areas of Khushab City, Pakistan

Ahmad, Kafeel; Khan, Zafar Iqbal; Yasmin, Samina; Akram, Nudrat Aisha; Ashraf, Muhammad; Ashfaq, Asma; Fardous, Asia

doi:10.1080/10807039.2015.1045831

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…On the other hand, higher values were reported in contaminated urban agricultural sites in Uganda , in vegetable gardens near an abandoned mine in Hungary , and in kitchen gardens near 2 former metal plants in France . Regarding the other 2 trace elements included in the present study, the average concentration of Sb in roadside soils of community urban gardens in Canada was lower than the results for most samples analyzed in Madrid, whereas Se concentrations of 2 sites in Pakistan irrigated with domestic wastewater were above the maximum measured concentration in Madrid. Finally, a sampling campaign in the world's largest Sb mine showed that soil mean values of As and Sb were approximately 1 and 2 orders of magnitude larger, respectively, than in the present study .…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Risk assessment from exposure to arsenic, antimony, and selenium in urban gardens (Madrid, Spain)

Miguel

Izquierdo

Gomez

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The authors discuss the geochemical behavior of arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and selenium (Se) in urban gardens and the human health implications associated with urban agriculture. A total of 42 samples from 7 urban gardens in Madrid, Spain, were collected from the top 20 cm of soil. Concentrations of As, Sb, and Se and the main soil properties (i.e., total iron, pH, texture, calcium carbonate, and organic matter) were determined. A significant correlation was found between As and Sb and calcium carbonate, indicating the possibility of surface adsorption or ligand exchange with the carbonate group. Also, Sb seemed to form stable chelates with soil organic matter. On the other hand, Se showed a significant association with clay and iron content. The concentration of Sb in soil exceeded the recommended value for agricultural use in 70% of the urban gardens. A human health risk assessment resulted in acceptable levels of both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks (although with elevated values of the latter), with As as the main risk driver and soil and food ingestion as the main exposure pathways. The numerical results of the risk assessment should be interpreted with caution given the considerable uncertainties in some exposure variables and the lack of quantitative values for the suspected carcinogenicity of Sb and Se. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:544-550. © 2016 SETAC.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Risk assessment from exposure to arsenic, antimony, and selenium in urban gardens (Madrid, Spain)

Miguel

Izquierdo

Gomez

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…On the other hand, higher values were reported in contaminated urban agricultural sites in Uganda [25], in vegetable gardens near an abandoned mine in Hungary [9], and in kitchen gardens near 2 former metal plants in France [13]. Regarding the other 2 trace elements included in the present study, the average concentration of Sb in roadside soils of community urban gardens in Canada [26] was lower than the results for most samples analyzed in Madrid, whereas Se concentrations of 2 sites in Pakistan irrigated with domestic wastewater [15] were above the maximum measured concentration in Madrid. Finally, a sampling campaign in the world's largest Sb mine showed that soil mean values of As and Sb were approximately 1 and 2 orders of magnitude larger, respectively, than in the present study [14].…”

Section: Trace Element Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…544-550, 2017 # 2016 SETAC Printed in the USA The potential risk for human health associated with exposure to these elements by direct contact with soil and by ingestion of foodstuffs grown in contaminated soil has been studied extensively in the case of As and to a much lesser extent for Sb and Se. Research devoted specifically to urban garden soil is much more scarce; to the authors' best knowledge, only a handful of studies have evaluated the risk to human health from exposure to As in this context [8][9][10][11][12][13], and just a few have included Sb [14] or Se [15] in their assessments.…”

Section: Agriculturalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sipter et al [9] found that in contaminated vegetable gardens near an abandoned mine in Hungary, most of the hazard index was attributable to Pb, with the As content of vegetables under the detection limit. However, considering just the ingestion of soil, the contribution of As to the aggregated hazard index was at least 1 order of magnitude higher [8] 6.25 AE 2.46 5.45 Sipter et al [9] Flooded 46.6 AE 9.9 a Nonflooded 31.4 AE 3.0 a Nabulo et al [25] Mean range 17.9-40.9 Shi et al [10] Area A 8.47 AE 1.0 Area B 13.0 AE 3.4 Szolnoki et al [24] 7.19 AE 2.33 6.65 Wiseman et al [26] 5.0 4.9 0.40 0.38 Ahmad et al [15] Site I 41. Zeng et al [14] 94.44 1267.20…”

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioaccesibilidad, biodisponibilidad y evaluación del riesgo para la salud humana por exposición a elementos traza en huertos urbanos

Díaz¹

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Pseudo-total (i.e. aqua regia extractable) and gastric-bioaccessible (i.e. glycine + HCl extractable) concentrations of Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in a total of 48 samples collected from six community urban gardens of different characteristics in the city of Madrid (Spain). Calcium carbonate appears to be the soil property that determines the bioaccessibility of a majority of those elements, and the lack of influence of organic matter, pH and texture can be explained by their low levels in the samples (organic matter) or their narrow range of variation (pH and texture). A conservative risk assessment with bioaccessible concentrations in two scenarios, i.e. adult urban farmers and children playing in urban gardens, revealed acceptable levels of risk, but with large differences between urban gardens depending on their history of land use and their proximity to busy areas in the city center. Only in a worst-case scenario in which children who use urban gardens as recreational areas also eat the produce grown in them would the risk exceed the limits of acceptability.

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“…that was 5.47 mg/kg.The value of present bioconcentration were lower for Ni, Cu, Fe, Mn and Cr while higher values of Cd, Co and Zn were found as compared to bioconcentration value of Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe, Cu and Cr described byAhmad et al (2014).The level of pollution or factor of contamination was lowest of Zn and was highest for Cd in all treatments. The load of pollution was increases day by day due to agricultural runoff and anthropogenic activities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 57%

ACCUMULATION OF METALS IN WHEAT CROP GROWN IN WASTEWATER CONTAMINATED SOIL IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN Running head:Heavy metals in wheat grown in contaminated soil

Khan¹,

Ahmad²,

Ashfaq³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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aDepartment of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; zikhan11@gmail.com KafeelAHMAD a, aDepartment of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; kafeeluaf@yahoo.com AsmaASHFAQ a, aDepartment of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; aasmashfaq@gmail.com FAUZIA BATOOL a, aDepartment of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; f.batool99@yahoo.com NaunainMAHMOOD b, bDepartment of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; naunainmahood@gmail.com 0000-0001-7852-9113 HUMAYUN BASHIR aDepartment of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; humayunuos@gmail.com HAFSA MEMOONA bDepartment of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan;hafsamemooa@gmail.com KHALID NAWAZ bDepartment of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan;humayunuos1@gmail.com YunusDOGAN c*, cBuca Faculty of Education, DokuzEylul University, Izmir, Turkey; *Corresponding author: yunus.dogan@deu.edu.tr 0000-0001-9404-6031 BSTRACT The cheap way of disposal of wastewater is to use it in agriculture. The pressure in using fresh water resources may alleviate by the domestic wastewater in agriculture. Waste water holds significant quantity of plant nutrients like N, P, Ca, K, Co, Zn and Mn. Therefore, it increases the crop yield. Triticumaestivum is staple food crop for Pakistan where it is an important caloric source. It is grown successfully on rain fed areas of the country as well as in irrigated areas with minimum water without losing its production potential. In this study, cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), and cobalt (Co) were evaluated, effect of wastewater was studied on wheat variety (Punjab-2011) by applying different treatments of wastewater. Comparison between five different treatments, in soil, the Fe was highest. The chromium in current findings exceeded the permissible limit (0.03 mg/kg) in wheat grains. The reason of high Cr concentration might be due to the increased usage of wastewater for long period. The level of pollution or factor of contamination was lowest of Zn and was highest for Cd in all treatments. The chromium has lowest the value of health risk index while Cd has highest value in all treatments indicating that exposed population is unlikely to experience obvious adverse effects on utilization of these contaminated grains of wheat. Keywords:wheat (Punjab-2011); heavy metals; wastewater; health risk;soil

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Accumulation of metals and metalloids in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.) irrigated with domestic wastewater in the peri-urban areas of Khushab City, Pakistan

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Risk assessment from exposure to arsenic, antimony, and selenium in urban gardens (Madrid, Spain)

Risk assessment from exposure to arsenic, antimony, and selenium in urban gardens (Madrid, Spain)

Bioaccesibilidad, biodisponibilidad y evaluación del riesgo para la salud humana por exposición a elementos traza en huertos urbanos

ACCUMULATION OF METALS IN WHEAT CROP GROWN IN WASTEWATER CONTAMINATED SOIL IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN Running head:Heavy metals in wheat grown in contaminated soil

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