Accumulation of heavy metals in soils and plants after long-term use of fertilizers and fungicides in Tanzania

Semu, Ernest; Singh, Bhoopendra

doi:10.1007/bf00750931

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Spraying of copper fungicides with heavy metal impurities may increase the accumulation of Pb and Cd in tea. Copper oxychloride is considered as one of the main sources Pb contamination (Semu & Singh, 1996). Tea soils are acidic and this condition favours solubility of heavy metals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metal content of black teas from south India

et al. 2008

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metal content of black teas from south India

et al. 2008

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“…Toxic elements uptake by tobacco plants depends on the levels of these contaminants in the soil, soil amendments and soil pH (Mulchi et al 1992;Semu and Singh 1995). Metal absorption for a variety of agricultural products has been shown to be dependent on geographical origin (Schwartz and Hecking 1991;Anderson et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of toxic elements in different brands of cigarette by atomic absorption spectrometry using ultrasonic assisted acid digestion

Kazi

Jalbani

Arain

et al. 2008

Environ Monit Assess

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In this paper, a sample preparation method based on ultrasonic assisted acid extraction (UAE) of Al, As, Cd, Ni and Pb from filler tobacco (FT) of different local branded (LBCs) and imported branded cigarettes (IBCs) consumed in Pakistan. Acid extracts obtained upon sonication were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Parameters influencing extraction such as pre-sonication time 10-15 min, sonication time 2-10 min, mass of sample 0.1-0.5 g, particle size <35-125 microm and, extractant (nitric acid) concentrations (2-10%) were fully optimized to get quantitative recovery of toxic elements (TEs). The proposed method was validated with a certified reference material (CRM) Virginia tobacco leaves (ICHTJ-cta-VTL-2), and also applied a conventional acid digestion method (CDM) on same CRM, for comparative purpose. The average relative standard deviation of UAE method of CRM, ranged as 1.64-8.42% for N = 6, depending on the analytes. Extraction efficiencies for CRM were close to 97.1, 97.5, 98.5, 97.8 and 96.7 for Al, As, Cd, Ni and Pb, respectively. The concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Ni and Pb in cigarettes were present in all branded cigarettes, there is no any significance difference among LBCs and IBCs, except in few cases of LBCs, have high level of Cd and Al. Our results were compared with other worldwide studies.

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“…Spraying of copper fungicides with heavy metal impurities may increase the accumulation of Pb and Cd in tea. Copper oxychloride is considered as one of the main sources of Pb contamination (Semu & Singh, 1996). In this study, Pb content in all the made tea samples was less than 10 mg kg − 1 , the limit prescribed under the Prevention of Food Adulteration (PFA) Act of India.…”

Section: Lead In Made Teamentioning

confidence: 99%