Accumulation of diastereomers of anticoagulant rodenticides in wild boar from suburban areas: Implications for human consumers

Alabau, Enrique; Mentaberre, Gregorio; Camarero, Pablo R.; Castillo‐Contreras, Raquel; Sánchez-Barbudo, Inés S.; Conejero, Carles; Fernández-Bocharán, María S.; López‐Olvera, Jorge Ramón; Mateo, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139828

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The pattern exposure to ARs in the Canary Islands is mainly linked to the intentionality in poisonings, which coincides with what has been also described in this archipelago for other pesticides (Ruiz-Suarez et al, 2015), and for other non-anticoagulant rodenticides elsewhere (Bishop et al, 2016). However, this pattern differs considerably from that described by other authors for reptiles (Elliott et al, 2014;Johnston et al, 2005;Nakayama et al, 2019) and mammals (Alabau et al, 2020;Nakayama et al, 2019), and moreover, from the main objective of this work that focuses on secondary exposure, we decided to discard the specimens of these two classes, as well as the baits, for further analyses in this research.…”

Section: Mammalssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…It would seem logical to think that for wildlife exposed to these ARs, these animals must live in an area relatively close to the sites where these compounds are applied (Geduhn et al, 2016;Lopez-Perea et al, 2019). This has recently been demonstrated in areas of high human population and livestock densities (Alabau et al, 2020;Lopez-Perea et al, 2019). In the case of livestock farming (intensive confinement, in particular) it is especially striking, since it is estimated that in some areas >90% of them suffer from rat and mouse infestations (Endepols et al, 2003) because of its easy availability of food and shelter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensive livestock farming as a major determinant of the exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors of the Canary Islands (Spain)

Rial-Berriel

Acosta-Dacal

Cabrera‐Pérez

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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Exposure to AR in reptiles, mammals and non-raptor birds is mainly related to intentional poisoning.• AR exposure appears as a threat for the conservation of the critically endangered Canary raven. • Incidence of AR in raptors almost reach 60%, with the highest values detected in common kestrels • First report of AR residues in Barbary Falcon and Eleonora's Falcon • Raptors that live near livestock intensive farms are significantly more exposed to AR.

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Section: Mammalssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive livestock farming as a major determinant of the exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors of the Canary Islands (Spain)

Rial-Berriel

Acosta-Dacal

Cabrera‐Pérez

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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“…It has been shown that the lack of function of hepatic RXRA may lead to obesity (Wan et al 2003). Interestingly, flocoumafen has been found to actively accumulate in the liver (Huckle et al 1988), where this pesticide is frequently found in wildlife (Alabau et al 2020). The extensive relationship among retinoic acid homeostasis, obesity, insulin resistance, and coagulation (Mody 2017; Luo et al 2019) clearly gives flocoumafen an important role as an environmental pollutant involved in metabolic syndrome—a systems biology finding that deserves special attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Analysis to Identify Molecular Targets for Chemicals of Concern: The Case Study of Flocoumafen, an Anticoagulant Pesticide

Coronado-Posada

Mercado-Camargo

Olívero-Verbel

2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Rodenticides are pesticides used worldwide, with little information available regarding health consequences in wildlife and humans. The aim of the present study was to use virtual screening to identify potential targets for flocoumafen, a superwarfarin rodenticide. Blind docking of more than 841 human proteins was carried out employing AutoDock Vina. The strength of the ligand interaction with the proteins was quantified based on the binding affinity score (kcal/mol). Results indicate that flocoumafen could be a promiscuous ligand for diversity of cellular protein targets. The best complexes were obtained for prostaglandin F synthase (−14.2 kcal/mol) and serum albumin (−14.0 kcal/mol) followed by glucocorticoid receptor 2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, nuclear receptor ROR-alpha, and activin receptor type-1, all with values equal or better than −13.5 kcal/mol. Docking method validation based on the root-mean-square deviation showed that flocoumafen had good capability to predict corresponding co-crystallized poses; and molecular dynamics simulations suggested the complex with greater binding affinity was thermodynamically stable. Protein-protein interaction networks built with main protein targets revealed that protein kinase B (AKT1), ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (RPS6KB1), phosphatidylinositol-4,5bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA), and protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP2CA) were major hub proteins, whereas the gene ontology analysis reported that cellular response to endogenous stimulus, protein binding, and the TOR complex were the biological processes, molecular function, and cell component enrichments, respectively. These results should motivate more ecotoxicity testing for flocoumafen and other superwarfarins, as well as precautionary legislation to minimize exposure to these highly toxic chemicals.

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“…Depending on their size and dietary regimen, wild animals can be primary or secondary exposed to AR. The mandatory use of secured bait stations for the application of AR during a biocidal use may decrease the primary exposure of mammals larger than rats although some large mammals like wild boars seem to be highly primary exposed to AR (60%) in suburban area (44). However, small rodents can still access to baits.…”

Section: Wildlife Exposure To Anticoagulant Rodenticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. ) (44,46,49,51). Moreover, in some countries, they can be both a pest (and treated with AR) and a food source (146).…”

Section: Asymptomatic Exposure To Anticoagulant Rodenticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers Potency to Monitor Non-target Fauna Poisoning by Anticoagulant Rodenticides

et al. 2020

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The widespread use of pesticides to control agricultural pests is a hot topic on the public scene of environmental health. Selective pest control for minimum environmental impact is a major goal of the environmental toxicology field, notably to avoid unintended poisoning in different organisms. Anticoagulant rodenticides cause abnormal blood coagulation process; they have been widely used to control rodents, allowing inadvertent primary and secondary exposure in domestic animals and non-target predatory wildlife species through direct ingestion of rodenticide-containing bait or by consumption of poisoned prey. To report toxic effect, the most common approach is the measurement of liver or plasma residues of anticoagulant rodenticides in dead or intoxicated animals showing clinical symptoms. However, one major challenge is that literature currently lacks a hepatic or plasma concentration threshold value for the differentiation of exposure from toxicity. Regarding the variation in pharmacology properties of anticoagulant rodenticides inter- and intra-species, the dose-response relationship must be defined for each species to prejudge the relative risk of poisoning. Beyond that, biomarkers are a key solution widely used for ecological risk assessment of contaminants. Since anticoagulant rodenticides (AR) have toxic effects at the biochemical level, biomarkers can serve as indicators of toxic exposure. In this sense, toxicological knowledge of anticoagulant rodenticides within organisms is an important tool for defining sensitive, specific, and suitable biomarkers. In this review, we provide an overview of the toxicodynamic and toxicokinetic parameters of anticoagulant rodenticides in different animal species. We examine different types of biomarkers used to characterize and differentiate the exposure and toxic effects of anticoagulant rodenticide, showing the strengths and weaknesses of the assays. Finally, we describe possible new biomarkers and highlight their capabilities.

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Accumulation of diastereomers of anticoagulant rodenticides in wild boar from suburban areas: Implications for human consumers

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Intensive livestock farming as a major determinant of the exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors of the Canary Islands (Spain)

Intensive livestock farming as a major determinant of the exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors of the Canary Islands (Spain)

In Silico Analysis to Identify Molecular Targets for Chemicals of Concern: The Case Study of Flocoumafen, an Anticoagulant Pesticide

Biomarkers Potency to Monitor Non-target Fauna Poisoning by Anticoagulant Rodenticides

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