Accumulation of blood platelets in carrageenin rat paw oedema. Possible role in the inflammatory process

Vincent, J.; Bonta, I. L.; Zijlstra, Freek J.

doi:10.1007/bf01966617

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Indeed, of particular relevance to this discussion is the observation that platelets accumulate in the exudate provoked by the subdermal implantation of sponges in rats (Smith et al, 1976). Moreover, platelets also appear to accumulate in the carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats (Vincent et al, 1978). In these circumstances, one might expect, consistent with the results presented here, that platelet activation in vivo could result in a significant production of PGE 2 from COX-1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Origins of Prostaglandin E₂: Involvements of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rat Systems

Giuliano

Warner

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

107

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Prostaglandin (PG) E 2 is a major cyclooxygenase (COX) product at inflammatory sites where it contributes to local increases in blood flow, edema formation, and pain sensitization. Using rats in vivo and rat and human blood in vitro, we have examined the roles of COX-1 and COX-2 in the production of PGE 2 . In anesthetized rats treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce the expression of COX-2, the marked increase in PGE 2 production that followed bolus intravenous injection of arachidonic acid (3 mg kg Ϫ1 ) was strongly inhibited by diclofenac but largely unaffected by the COX-2-selective inhibitor DFP (5,5-dimethyl-3-(2-propoxy)-4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-2(5H)-furanone). In rat blood in vitro, aspirin strongly inhibited the production of PGE 2 that followed either acute exposure to calcium ionophore, A23187 (calcimycin) (50 M, 15 min), or incubation with LPS for 18 h. In contrast, human whole blood only produced significant levels of PGE 2 when incubated with LPS. Rat leukocytes expressed COX-2 and produced PGE 2 when exposed to LPS but not when acutely stimulated with A23187. Rat platelets, but not human platelets, also produced significant amounts of PGE 2 when acutely stimulated with A23187. These data show that when exposed to an inflammatory stimulus, rat whole blood produces increased levels of PGE 2 through induction of COX-2 in blood leukocytes. Rat blood, unlike human blood, may also produce copious amounts of PGE 2 via the actions of COX-1 enzyme constitutively present in platelets. These data may well explain why in rats COX-2-selective inhibitors have been reported not to produce the full anti-inflammatory effects associated with standard nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Origins of Prostaglandin E₂: Involvements of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rat Systems

Giuliano

Warner

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

107

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“…Platelet accumulation has been observed in different animal models of acute inflammation including carrageenin-induced paw oedema (Vincent et al, 1978), the dermal reversed passive Arthus (RPA) reaction (Henson & Cochrane, 1969) and the local Shwartzman reaction (Movat & Burrowes, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of platelet‐activating factor (PAF) in platelet accumulation in rabbit skin: effect of the novel long‐acting PAF antagonist, UK‐74,505

Pons

Rossi

Norman

et al. 1993

British J Pharmacology

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1 The contribution of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to platelet deposition and oedema formation induced by exogenous soluble mediators, zymosan particles and associated with a reversed passive Arthus (RPA) reaction in rabbit skin was investigated by use of a novel long-acting PAF receptor antagonist, UK-74,505. 2 Oedema formation and platelet accumulation were simultaneously measured by i.v. injection of ['25l-albumin and "'In-labelled rabbit platelets. UK-74,505 was either administered i.v. or used to pretreat radiolabelled platelets in vitro before their injection into recipient animals. Platelets pretreated with UK-74,505 were also labelled with the fluorescent calcium indicator, Fura-2, to assess their ex vivo reactivity to PAF at the end of the in vivo experiment.3 UK-74,505 (0.5mgkg-'), administered i.v., inhibited PAF-induced oedema formation, but did not affect oedema induced by zymosan particles, bradykinin (BK), histamine, formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP), zymosan-activated plasma (ZAP, as a source of C5a des Arg), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) or interleukin-8 (IL-8). 4 UK-74,505, administered i.v. also suppressed the small platelet accumulation induced by exogenous PAF, but had no effect on accumulation induced by IL-8 or ZAP. Although oedema induced by zymosan was not affected by i.v. UK-74,505, zymosan-induced platelet accumulation was significantly attenuated by the antagonist. 5 The RPA reaction in rabbit skin was associated with marked oedema formation and platelet accumulation which were both inhibited by i.v. UK-74,505. 6 In vitro, UK-74,505 inhibited aggregation and the increase in intracellular calcium concentration induced by PAF in rabbit washed platelets in a concentration-dependent manner (ICM = 1.6 x I0O-M and 1.1 x 10-8 M, respectively). Platelets pretreated with 10-6 M UK-74,505, and maintained at 37°C, were unresponsive to PAF, whilst responding normally to thrombin, for up to 4 h. 7 In a second series of in vivo experiments, platelets were labelled with "'In and loaded with Fura-2. The platelets were then pretreated with 10-6 M UK-74,505, washed, and injected into recipient rabbits. These platelets, prepared from blood samples taken at the end of the in vivo experiments, exhibited an 80% reduction in their response to PAF as measured ex vivo with Fura-2. However, in contrast to the effects of i.v. UK-74,505, platelets pretreated with the antagonist did accumulate effectively in the RPA reaction, a significant reduction only being observed in responses at the lowest antibody dose. In addition, pretreatment of platelets had no effect on the small platelet accumulation induced by PAF. 8 These results suggest that PAF is an important mediator of oedema formation and platelet accumulation in the RPA reaction in rabbit skin. However, they question the role of PAF receptors on platelets in this model. The results also indicate that PAF may be involved in platelet accumulation induced by zymosan in rabbit skin.

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“…Al though it appears that platelets do not accu mulate in inflammatory exudates, for exam ple, subcutaneously implanted sponges [Bolam and Smith, 1977], they do deposit in the skin of rabbits during reversed passive der mal Arthus reactions, or following dermal mast cell degranulation with compound 48/80, or anti-IgE and during carageenin rat paw inflammation as shown by Kravis and Henson [1977] and Vincent et al [1978]. These workers used blood platelets labelled with 5lCr, injected them intravenously and quantitated their localization in the inflamed tissues.…”

Section: Quantitation Of Platelet Deposition and Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it may not be sensitive enough to quantitate hemorrhage in dermal reactions. We [unpubl. observations] and others e.g., Vincent et al [1978], have used 51Cr-labelled RBCs in an attempt to measure RBC extravasation or trapping in lesions. In our experience, this technique also lacks the sensitivity required to measure the microliter volumes of hemor rhage that occur in dermal inflammation.…”

Section: Quantitation Of Hemorrhagementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of Acute Inflammation in the Skin: Recent Methodological Advances and Their Application to the Study of Inflammatory Reactions

Issekutz¹

1983

Pathol Immunopathol Res

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Accumulation of blood platelets in carrageenin rat paw oedema. Possible role in the inflammatory process

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Origins of Prostaglandin E₂: Involvements of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rat Systems

Origins of Prostaglandin E₂: Involvements of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rat Systems

Role of platelet‐activating factor (PAF) in platelet accumulation in rabbit skin: effect of the novel long‐acting PAF antagonist, UK‐74,505

Quantitation of Acute Inflammation in the Skin: Recent Methodological Advances and Their Application to the Study of Inflammatory Reactions

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Accumulation of blood platelets in carrageenin rat paw oedema. Possible role in the inflammatory process

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Origins of Prostaglandin E2: Involvements of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rat Systems

Origins of Prostaglandin E2: Involvements of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rat Systems

Role of platelet‐activating factor (PAF) in platelet accumulation in rabbit skin: effect of the novel long‐acting PAF antagonist, UK‐74,505

Quantitation of Acute Inflammation in the Skin: Recent Methodological Advances and Their Application to the Study of Inflammatory Reactions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Origins of Prostaglandin E₂: Involvements of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rat Systems

Origins of Prostaglandin E₂: Involvements of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rat Systems