Accumulation, metabolism, and effects of organochlorine insecticides on microorganisms.

Lal, Rup; Saxena, D.M.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.46.1.95-127.1982

Cited by 150 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Since during manufacture and transport and as a result of normal use these compounds may enter the subsurface environment, it is pertinent to consider the metabolic capabilities of microorganisms on some commonly employed compounds. Detailed reviews of pesticide metabolism are available elsewhere [4,39,40].…”

Section: Chlorinated Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Degradation can occur aerobically and anaerobically. Under aerobic conditions the initial metabolic step involves ether cleavage to produce glyoxylate and the appropriate chlorophenol molecule, each of which can be mineralised [40][41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Chlorinated Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biological attack can only occur extremely slowly and transformation normally involves an initial single dechlorination step due to reaction between DDT and iron porphyrin molecules. Further degradation can occur and complete mineralisation has been reported [40,47,48] but the processes are extremely slow. Analogues of DDT have been employed as insecticides but these have also been found to be persistent in the environment.…”

Section: Chlorinated Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analogues of DDT have been employed as insecticides but these have also been found to be persistent in the environment. One commonly used compound, methoxychlor (1,1-bis( p-methoxyphenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane) can be reductively dechlorinated by microorganisms but metabolism is slow [40,49].…”

Section: Chlorinated Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only the 3' isomer has insecticidal activity. It has generally been observed that degradation proceeds most rapidly under anaerobic conditions [40] and that degradation of the isomers under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions occurs at different rates, namely 3' > a > O > fl [40,100,101]. This phenomenon may be due to the relative solubilities of the isomers, with the most soluble being the most degradable, or may be due to the spatial arrangement of the chlorine atoms.…”

Section: Halogenated Aliphatics and Cycloaliphaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiological methods for the cleanup of soil and ground water contaminated with halogenated organic compounds

Morgan¹,

Watkinson²

1989

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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There is growing interest in the enhancement of microbial degradative activities as a means of bringing about the in situ cleanup of contaminated soils and ground water. The halogenated organic compounds are likely to be prime targets for such biotechnological processes because of their widespread utilisation and the biodegradability of many of the most commonly used compounds. The aim of this review is to consider the potential for microbiological cleanup of haloorganic‐contaminated sites. The technologies available involve the provision of suitable environmental conditions to facilitate maximum biodegradation rates either in the subsurface or in on‐site bioreactors. Methodologies include the supply of inorganic nutrients, the supply of oxygen gas, the addition of degradative microbial inocula and the introduction of co‐metabolic substrates. The potential efficiencies and limitations of the methods are critically discussed from a microbiological viewpoint with respect to substrate degradability and population responses to supplementation.

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Section: Chlorinated Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chlorinated Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chlorinated Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chlorinated Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Halogenated Aliphatics and Cycloaliphaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Microbiological methods for the cleanup of soil and ground water contaminated with halogenated organic compounds

Morgan¹,

Watkinson²

1989

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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References

2010

Wastewater Microbiology

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Uptake and bioconcentration of atrazine by selected freshwater algae

Tang

Hoagland

Siegfried

1998

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

103

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Atrazine bioconcentration and uptake were determined for eight freshwater green algae and diatoms. Atrazine uptake was extremely rapid in all species examined, with nearly 90% of total uptake occurring within the first hour of exposure. Within each division, different species had different bioconcentration capacities, although the accumulation of atrazine was consistently higher in green algae (5.43–12.73 ng/mg) than in diatoms (0.33–1.69 ng/mg). Atrazine concentrations in the algal cells were much higher than in the medium, although the total amount of atrazine taken up by algae was small relative to the total atrazine in solution (1–3%). The ability of algal cells to accumulate atrazine was highly correlated with algal cell biovolume and surface area, and a strong relationship was observed between sensitivity to atrazine and bioconcentration, cell biovolume, and surface area. In general, higher bioconcentration factors were associated with increased atrazine sensitivity.

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Accumulation, metabolism, and effects of organochlorine insecticides on microorganisms.

Cited by 150 publications

References 110 publications

Microbiological methods for the cleanup of soil and ground water contaminated with halogenated organic compounds

Microbiological methods for the cleanup of soil and ground water contaminated with halogenated organic compounds

References

Uptake and bioconcentration of atrazine by selected freshwater algae

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