Accretion-outflow connection in the outliers of the “universal” radio/X-ray correlation

Coriat, M.; Corbel, S.; Prat, L.; Miller-Jones, J. C. A.; Cseh, D.; Tzioumis, A. K.; Brocksopp, C.; Rodríguez, J.; Fender, R. P.; Sivakoff, G. R.

doi:10.1017/s174392131001611x

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This relation holds even for some of the faintest BH systems like A0620-00 (Gallo et al 2006;Dinçer et al 2018) and XTE J1118+480 (Gallo et al 2014). However, the radio/X-ray luminosity plane contains outliers like H 1743-322 (Coriat et al 2011), where the correlation is steeper (LR ∝ L 1.4 X ) and quite similar to the one found in the few reported NS XRBs (e.g. Migliari & Fender 2006).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Radio emission from colliding outflows in high-mass X-ray binaries with strongly magnetized neutron stars

Chatzis,

Petropoulou,

Vasilopoulos

2021

Preprint

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We present a toy model for radio emission in HMXBs with strongly magnetized NSs where a wind-collision region is formed by the NS outflow and the stellar wind of the massive companion. Radio emission is expected from the synchrotron radiation of shock-accelerated electrons and the free-free emission of the stellar wind. We found that the predicted relation between the GHz luminosity (L R ) and the accretion X-ray luminosity (L X ) can be written as L R ∝ L b X for most parameters. No correlation with X-rays is expected (b = 0) when the thermal emission of the stellar wind dominates in radio. We typically find a steep correlation (b = 12/7) for sub-Eddington X-ray luminosities and a more shallow one (b = 2(p−1)/7) for super-Eddington X-ray luminosities, where p is the power-law index of accelerated electrons. The maximum predicted radio luminosity is independent of the NS properties, while it depends on the stellar wind momentum, binary separation distance, and the minimum electron Lorentz factor. Using a Bayesian approach we modelled the radio observations of Swift J0243.6+6124 that cover a wide range of mass accretion rates. Our results support a shock origin for the radio detections at sub-Eddington X-ray luminosities. However, no physically meaningful parameters could be found for the super-Eddington phase of the outburst, suggesting a different origin. Future observations with more sensitive instruments might reveal a large number of HMXBs with strongly magnetized NSs in radio, allowing determination of the slope in the L R − L X relation, and putting the wind-collision scenario into test.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Radio emission from colliding outflows in high-mass X-ray binaries with strongly magnetized neutron stars

Chatzis,

Petropoulou,

Vasilopoulos

2021

Preprint

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“…As radio jets from black hole X-ray binaries in outburst are bright, a factor of at least 30 louder than those of "ordinary" neutron stars (Migliari & Fender 2006), it has been possible to study the radio-X-ray correlation for black holes over 8 orders of magnitude in Xray luminosity. As systems change luminosities in the hard state as they decay towards quiescence on week to month timescales, inflow-outflow coupling can be directly traced in individual sources (Corbel et al 2008(Corbel et al , 2013Coriat et al 2011;Plotkin et al 2017). Gallo et al (2014) found that the radio-X-ray correlations of individual black hole systems have less scatter than the black hole X-ray binary population as a whole.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different correlation slopes β in different sources suggest different, or evolving, radiative efficiencies (Heinz & Sunyaev 2003). Above L X ≈ 10 36 erg s −1 , a few black hole X-ray binaries are seen to follow a steeper (β ≈ 1.4), radiatively efficient track in the radio/X-ray plane (Coriat et al 2011). As they become fainter, the radiatively efficient systems that have been observed long enough, are seen to switch to the primary, radiatively inefficient track with β ≈ 0.7 (H 1743(H -322, Jonker et al 2010XTE J1752-223, Ratti et al 2012MAXI J1659-152, Jonker et al 2012.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disc–jet coupling in low-luminosity accreting neutron stars

Tudor

Miller-Jones

Patruno

et al. 2017

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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In outburst, neutron star X-ray binaries produce less powerful jets than black holes at a given X-ray luminosity. This has made them more difficult to study as they fade towards quiescence. To explore whether neutron stars power jets at low accretion rates (L X 10 36 erg s −1 ), we investigate the radio and X-ray properties of three accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars (IGR J17511-3057, SAX J1808.4-3658 and IGR J00291+5934) during their outbursts in 2015, and of the non-pulsing neutron star Cen X-4 in quiescence (2015) and in outburst (1979). We did not detect the radio counterpart of IGR J17511-3057 in outburst or of Cen X-4 in quiescence, but did detect IGR J00291+5934 and SAX J1808.4-3658, showing that at least some neutron stars launch jets at low accretion rates. While the radio and X-ray emission in IGR J00291+5934 seem to be tightly correlated, the relationship in SAX J1808.4-3658 is more complicated. We find that SAX J1808.4-3658 produces jets during the reflaring tail, and we explore a toy model to ascertain whether the radio emission could be attributed to the onset of a strong propeller. The lack of a universal radio/X-ray correlation, with different behaviours in different neutron star systems (with various radio/X-ray correlations; some being radio faint and others not), points at distinct disk-jet interactions in individual sources, while always being fainter in the radio band than black holes at the same X-ray luminosity.

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“…However, analysis of the radio spectrum showed a weak flat synchrotron spectrum, which suggested possible mass ejections in the form of a jet (Brocksopp et al 2001). This source has recently (2015 June) gone into outburst for the fifth time, where it has been detected across X-ray (Miller et al 2015a,b), optical (Russell & Lewis 2015), and radio (Coriat et al 2015) wavelengths.…”

Section: Gs 1354−64 (A)mentioning

confidence: 95%

WATCHDOG: A Comprehensive All-Sky Database of Galactic Black Hole X-ray Binaries

Tetarenko,

Sivakoff,

Heinke

et al. 2015

Preprint

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With the advent of more sensitive all-sky instruments, the transient Universe is being probed in greater depth than ever before. Taking advantage of available resources, we have established a comprehensive database of black hole (and black hole candidate) X-ray binary (BHXB) activity between 1996 and 2015 as revealed by all-sky instruments, scanning surveys, and select narrow-field X-ray instruments aboard the INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL), Monitor of All-Sky X-ray Image (MAXI), Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), and Swift telescopes; the Whole-sky Alberta Time-resolved Comprehensive black-Hole Database Of the Galaxy or WATCHDOG. Over the past two decades, we have detected 132 transient outbursts, tracked and classified behavior occurring in 47 transient and 10 persistently accreting BHs, and performed a statistical study on a number of outburst properties across the Galactic population. We find that outbursts undergone by BHXBs that do not reach the thermally dominant accretion state make up a substantial fraction (∼ 40%) of the Galactic transient BHXB outburst sample over the past ∼ 20 years. Our findings suggest that this "hard-only" behavior, observed in transient and persistently accreting BHXBs, is neither a rare nor recent phenomenon and may be indicative of an underlying physical process, relatively common among binary BHs, involving the mass-transfer rate onto the BH remaining at a low level rather than increasing as the outburst evolves. We discuss how the larger number of these "hard-only" outbursts and detected outbursts in general have significant implications for both the luminosity function and mass-transfer history of the Galactic BHXB population.

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Accretion-outflow connection in the outliers of the “universal” radio/X-ray correlation

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Radio emission from colliding outflows in high-mass X-ray binaries with strongly magnetized neutron stars

Radio emission from colliding outflows in high-mass X-ray binaries with strongly magnetized neutron stars

Disc–jet coupling in low-luminosity accreting neutron stars

WATCHDOG: A Comprehensive All-Sky Database of Galactic Black Hole X-ray Binaries

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