Acclimation of Nannochloropsis gaditana to different illumination regimes: Effects on lipids accumulation

Simionato, Diana; Sforza, Eleonora; Carpinelli, Elisa Corteggiani; Bertucco, Alberto; Giacometti, Giorgio M.; Morosinotto, Tomas

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.02.100

Cited by 161 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…N limitation is well-known to induce the synthesis of triacylglycerols in several alga species, as also observed for Nannochloropsis (5,19,57). In Chlamydomonas, it has been demonstrated that at least part of this lipid accumulation comes from de novo synthesis (58), as we also observed here in the case of Nannochloropsis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The Response of Nannochloropsis gaditana to Nitrogen Starvation Includes De Novo Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerols, a Decrease of Chloroplast Galactolipids, and Reorganization of the Photosynthetic Apparatus

et al. 2013

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Microalgae of the genus Nannochloropsis are capable of accumulating triacylglycerols (TAGs) when exposed to nutrient limitation (in particular, nitrogen [N]) and are therefore considered promising organisms for biodiesel production. Here, after nitrogen removal from the medium, Nannochloropsis gaditana cells showed extensive triacylglycerol accumulation (38% TAG on a dry weight basis). Triacylglycerols accumulated during N deprivation harbored signatures, indicating that they mainly stemmed from freshly synthesized fatty acids, with a small proportion originating from a recycling of membrane glycerolipids. The amount of chloroplast galactoglycerolipids, which are essential for the integrity of thylakoids, decreased, while their fatty acid composition appeared to be unaltered. In starved cells, galactolipids were kept at a level sufficient to maintain chloroplast integrity, as confirmed by electron microscopy. Consistently, N-starved Nannochloropsis cells contained less photosynthetic membranes but were still efficiently performing photosynthesis. N starvation led to a modification of the photosynthetic apparatus with a change in pigment composition and a decrease in the content of all the major electron flow complexes, including photosystem II, photosystem I, and the cytochrome b 6 f complex. The photosystem II content was particularly affected, leading to the inhibition of linear electron flow from water to CO 2 . Such a reduction, however, was partially compensated for by activation of alternative electron pathways, such as cyclic electron transport. Overall, these changes allowed cells to modify their energetic metabolism in order to maintain photosynthetic growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The Response of Nannochloropsis gaditana to Nitrogen Starvation Includes De Novo Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerols, a Decrease of Chloroplast Galactolipids, and Reorganization of the Photosynthetic Apparatus

et al. 2013

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“…PSII maximum efficiency [expressed as F v /F m = (F m -F 0 )/F m ] was monitored through in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence determination with the DUAL-PAM-100 fluorimeter (Heinz-Walz). F v /F m under LL and ML conditions was consistent with the one reported for various Nannochloropsis species in other works (Kotabová et al, 2011;Simionato et al, 2011;Dong et al, 2013). PSII functional antenna size (ASII) was determined using a JTS10 spectrophotometer (Bio-Logic) at a concentration of 200 * 10 6 cells/mL, with 80 mM DCMU incubation for 10 min.…”

Section: Pigment Content Analysis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measursupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Cells under HL conditions also showed slower growth compared to ML, suggesting a photoinhibitory effect ( Fig. 1A; Simionato et al, 2011;Sforza et al, 2012), as supported by the progressive reduction in PSII maximum quantum efficiency (F v /F m ) observed when increasing the light regime (Fig. 1B).…”

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confidence: 79%

Light Remodels Lipid Biosynthesis in Nannochloropsis gaditana by Modulating Carbon Partitioning between Organelles

et al. 2016

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The seawater microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana is capable of accumulating a large fraction of reduced carbon as lipids. To clarify the molecular bases of this metabolic feature, we investigated light-driven lipid biosynthesis in Nannochloropsis gaditana cultures combining the analysis of photosynthetic functionality with transcriptomic, lipidomic and metabolomic approaches. Light-dependent alterations are observed in amino acid, isoprenoid, nucleic acid, and vitamin biosynthesis, suggesting a deep remodeling in the microalgal metabolism triggered by photoadaptation. In particular, high light intensity is shown to affect lipid biosynthesis, inducing the accumulation of diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomo-Ser and triacylglycerols, together with the up-regulation of genes involved in their biosynthesis. Chloroplast polar lipids are instead decreased. This situation correlates with the induction of genes coding for a putative cytosolic fatty acid synthase of type 1 (FAS1) and polyketide synthase (PKS) and the down-regulation of the chloroplast fatty acid synthase of type 2 (FAS2). Lipid accumulation is accompanied by the regulation of triose phosphate/inorganic phosphate transport across the chloroplast membranes, tuning the carbon metabolic allocation between cell compartments, favoring the cytoplasm, mitochondrion, and endoplasmic reticulum at the expense of the chloroplast. These results highlight the high flexibility of lipid biosynthesis in N. gaditana and lay the foundations for a hypothetical mechanism of regulation of primary carbon partitioning by controlling metabolite allocation at the subcellular level.

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“…8,9) In recent years, various strains of Nannochloropsis have been investigated for their biomass production, lipid composition, and content under different growth conditions. 8,[10][11][12][13][14] To further develop them into an integrated photons-to-fuel production platform, high-efficiency transformation methods are necessary.…”

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confidence: 99%

High-efficiency nuclear transformation of the oleaginous marine Nannochloropsis species using PCR product

Gao

2014

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Nannochloropsis are model species for investigating biofuel production by algae. To develop them into an integrated photons-to-fuel production platform, high efficiency transformation methods are necessary. Here, we obtained the β-tubulin promoter regions of all recognized species of genus Nannochloropsis, and successfully transformed all five marine species by electroporation. In addition, the PCR amplified double stranded DNA fragments (PCR fragments) based transformation system was established in these Nannochloropsis species, which showed much higher transformation efficiency (10.7–61.2 × 10−6, 1.5–13-fold) than that of linearized plasmid based transformation. The cotransformation of N. salina using a circular plasmid containing a non-selectable GUS gene and a PCR fragment containing only a selection marker cassette was also achieved and found to be very efficient (over 50%). This simple and highly efficient transformation protocol reported in our study provided a useful tool for gene functional analysis and genetic engineering of the oleaginous Nannochloropsis species.

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Acclimation of Nannochloropsis gaditana to different illumination regimes: Effects on lipids accumulation

Cited by 161 publications

References 35 publications

The Response of Nannochloropsis gaditana to Nitrogen Starvation Includes De Novo Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerols, a Decrease of Chloroplast Galactolipids, and Reorganization of the Photosynthetic Apparatus

The Response of Nannochloropsis gaditana to Nitrogen Starvation Includes De Novo Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerols, a Decrease of Chloroplast Galactolipids, and Reorganization of the Photosynthetic Apparatus

Light Remodels Lipid Biosynthesis in Nannochloropsis gaditana by Modulating Carbon Partitioning between Organelles

High-efficiency nuclear transformation of the oleaginous marine Nannochloropsis species using PCR product

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