Acclimation, heat shock and hardening

Bowler, K.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.09.001

Cited by 162 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The converse pre-treatment, where RCH was followed by heat shock, resulted in improved survival of acute cold exposure in only a few cases, and did not affect chronic cold tolerance. Current hypotheses for the mechanisms of RCH (membrane remodeling, apoptosis prevention and glucose increase, Lee et al, 2006;Yi and Lee, 2007;Overgaard et al, 2007) and heat shock protection (prevention of harmful protein aggregation, Feder and Krebs, 1998;Bowler, 2005) suggest that the two pre-treatments should have complementary effects on physiological tolerances, and this is indeed the case here. We assume that our heat shock pre-treatment will result in production of near-maximal quantities of heat shock proteins, particularly Hsp70 (Feder and Krebs, 1998).…”

Section: Rapid Cold-hardening and Heat Shockmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…However, organisms not adept at surviving low temperatures suffer lethal damages that are less wellunderstood (Hawes and Bale, 2007). Physiological studies in various organisms show that mild stress can increase the hardiness of the organism to the same but harsher stress (Bowler, 2005). Rapid Cold Hardening (RCH), an increase in cold tolerance after a prior (sub-lethal) exposure to cold, first described by Lee et al (1987) has been observed in numerous insect groups (Meats, 1973;Chown and Terblanche, 2007) including isolated tissue and cells (Yi and Lee, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-term hardening effects on survival of acute and chronic cold exposure by Drosophila melanogaster larvae

Rajamohan

Sinclair

2008

Journal of Insect Physiology

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We quantified the variation and plasticity in cold tolerance among four larval stages of four laboratory strains of Drosophila melanogaster in response to both acute (<2 hours of cold exposure) and chronic (∼7 hours of cold exposure) cold exposure. We observed significant differences in basal cold tolerance between the strains and among larval stages. Early larval instars were generally more tolerant of acute cold exposures than 3 rd instar larvae. However, wandering larvae were more tolerant of chronic cold exposures than the other stages. Early stages also displayed a more pronounced rapid cold-hardening response than the later stages. Heat pre-treatment did not confer a significant increase in cold tolerance to any of the strains at any stage, pointing to different mechanisms being involved in resolving heat-and cold-elicited damage. However, when heat pre-treatment was combined with rapid cold-hardening as sequential pre-treatments, both positive (heat first) and negative (heat second) effects on cold tolerance were observed. We discuss possible mechanisms underlying coldhardening and the effects of acute and chronic cold exposures.

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Section: Rapid Cold-hardening and Heat Shockmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term hardening effects on survival of acute and chronic cold exposure by Drosophila melanogaster larvae

Rajamohan

Sinclair

2008

Journal of Insect Physiology

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“…Some intertidal organisms are also better able to tolerate heat stress if first exposed to a sublethal heat shock (Todgham et al, 2005;Dong et al, 2010;Giomi et al, 2016;Pasparakis et al, 2016). This phenomenon, known as heat hardening (Bowler, 2005), is a very important inducible stress tolerance mechanism in many organisms, both terrestrial and aquatic, inhabiting variable environments (Maness and Hutchinson, 1980;Rutledge et al, 1987;Middlebrook et al, 2008;Bilyk et al, 2012). Previous studies have shown fluctuating thermal environments increase thermal tolerance (Feldmeth et al, 1974;Otto, 1974;Threader and Houston, 1983;Woiwode and Adelman, 1992;Schaefer and Ryan, 2006;Oliver and Palumbi, 2011;Manenti et al, 2014;Kern et al, 2015), with intertidal species exposed to tidal cycle fluctuations being more stress-tolerant than those that are exposed to constant temperatures (Tomanek and Sanford, 2003;Podrabsky and Somero, 2004;Todgham et al, 2006;Giomi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of stochastic thermal environments in modulating the thermal physiology of an intertidal limpet, Lottia digitalis

Drake

Miller

Todgham

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Much of our understanding of the thermal physiology of intertidal organisms comes from experiments with animals acclimated under constant conditions and exposed to a single heat stress. In nature, however, the thermal environment is more complex. Aerial exposure and the unpredictable nature of thermal stress during low tides may be critical factors in defining the thermal physiology of intertidal organisms. In the fingered limpet, Lottia digitalis, we investigated whether upper temperature tolerance and thermal sensitivity were influenced by the pattern of fluctuation with which thermal stress was applied. Specifically, we examined whether there was a differential response (measured as cardiac performance) to repeated heat stress of a constant and predictable magnitude compared with heat stress applied in a stochastic and unpredictable nature. We also investigated differences in cellular metabolism and damage following immersion for insights into biochemical mechanisms of tolerance. Upper temperature tolerance increased with aerial exposure, but no significant differences were found between predictable treatments of varying magnitudes (13°C versus 24°C versus 32°C). Significant differences in thermal tolerance were found between unpredictable trials with different heating patterns. There were no significant differences among treatments in basal citrate synthase activity, glycogen content, oxidative stress or antioxidants. Our results suggest that aerial exposure and recent thermal history, paired with relief from high low-tide temperatures, are important factors modulating the capacity of limpets to deal with thermal stress.

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“…Biochemical adaptation to thermal stress involves changes in proteins, membrane lipids and metabolic rate. 7 Genetic markers are of prior importance in the recent revolutionary developments in the field of molecular technology because of its viability as the biochemical adaptation can be utilized in livestock breeding programs compared to the behavioral, morphological or physiological responses to stress which is of less relevance. Heat shock protein is an important biomarker produced as cellular and tissue defense mechanism whose expression is markedly increased during heat shock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Livestock Adaptation to Heat Stress

PR¹

2017

JDVAR

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The present review is an attempt to signify the importance of heat shock proteins in livestock adaptation during heat stress. The cellular and molecular responses in livestock are very crucial as it may lead to identification of confirmatory biomarker for heat stress in livestock. Thermo-tolerant gene expression and elevated heat shock protein (HSP) levels are observed to be the ultimate response through which the cell survives the heat stress. The HSPs have chaperonic activity ensuring the folding, unfolding and refolding of stress-denatured proteins. The components of heat shock response include heat shock factors (HSFs), heat shock element (HSE) and HSP. The cellular response to heat stress in mammalian organisms is controlled at the transcription level and it is mediated by a family of HSF which are regulated by the corresponding HSF genes. The activated HSFs bind with the HSE in the promoter region of HSP genes culminating in enhanced transcription of HSP mRNA. The HSP70, HSP90 and HSP27 are the predominant HSPs having protective role during heat stress in farm animals. Among these HSPs studied, HSP70 was identified to be the ideal biological marker for quantifying heat stress in animals.Keywords: heat stress, heat shock factors, heat shock response, hsp70, livestock Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research Review Article Open AccessRole of heat shock proteins in livestock adaptation to heat stress the latter as it is harder to find an environment with a single variable changing. However, both these mechanisms are phenotypic responses as it is induced by the environment and the response goes once the stress is removed. It is usually produced to improve the fitness of the animal to the environment. Animals develop specific adaptive mechanisms if the environment stressors are present for a prolonged period. The mechanisms of adaptation include morphological, behavioural, biochemical and physiological changes. Biochemical adaptation to thermal stress involves changes in proteins, membrane lipids and metabolic rate.7 Genetic markers are of prior importance in the recent revolutionary developments in the field of molecular technology because of its viability as the biochemical adaptation can be utilized in livestock breeding programs compared to the behavioral, morphological or physiological responses to stress which is of less relevance. Heat shock protein is an important biomarker produced as cellular and tissue defense mechanism whose expression is markedly increased during heat shock. 8 The present review is an attempt to signify the importance of heat shock proteins in livestock adaptation during HS. General cellular responses to heat stressCellular exposure to thermal stress induces a number of anomalies in the functioning of cells which alters the biological molecules, disturbs cell functions, modulates metabolic reactions, induces oxidative cell damage and activates both apoptosis and necrosis pathways, ultimately leading to cell survival, acclimation or cell death depending on the time and...

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Acclimation, heat shock and hardening

Cited by 162 publications

References 56 publications

Short-term hardening effects on survival of acute and chronic cold exposure by Drosophila melanogaster larvae

Short-term hardening effects on survival of acute and chronic cold exposure by Drosophila melanogaster larvae

The role of stochastic thermal environments in modulating the thermal physiology of an intertidal limpet, Lottia digitalis

Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Livestock Adaptation to Heat Stress

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