Accidental risk of superheated liquids and a framework for predicting the superheat limit

Abbasi, Tasneem; Abbasi, S. A.

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2005.11.002

Cited by 68 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The phenomenon constitutes an operational hazard for equipment containing heated pressurized liquids: after a sudden accidental pressure loss or temperature increase, the liquid might reach a deeply metastable state and then relax by explosive boiling. LOCA (Loss of Coolant Accident) in pressurized water nuclear reactors [6] and BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion, [7,8]) in pressurized (liquified) gas tanks are two well known examples for violent and sudden boiling and the cause of many accidents. To minimize the risk of accidents, scientists and engineers dealing with pressurized heated liquids should be aware of the metastable region and know the properties of liquids in it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Thermodynamic Limit of Overheating for Bulk Water from Interfacial Properties

et al. 2013

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The limit of overheating or expanding is an important property of liquids, which is relevant for the design and safety assessment of processes involving pressurized liquids. In this work, the thermodynamic stability limit -the so-called spinodal -of water is calculated by molecular dynamics computer simulation, using the molecular potential model of Baranyai and Kiss. The spinodal pressure is obtained from the maximal tangential pressure within a liquid-vapor interface layer. The results are compared to predictions of various equations of states. Based on these comparisons, a set of equations of state is identified which gives reliable results in the metastable (overheated or expanded) liquid region of water down to −55 MPa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Thermodynamic Limit of Overheating for Bulk Water from Interfacial Properties

et al. 2013

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“…Traditionally, the strength of a BLEVE blast is obtained from an energy estimate [1][2][3]. Underlying these energy estimates is an assumption that the energy release in the source area (the evaporation rate) is high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the superheat limit theory of explosive evaporation is widely accepted in the literature on explosions [1,2], it has not been directly proven to be true, due to the impossibility to do detailed measurements in the superheated liquid during a realistic BLEVE experiment. In fact, Birk et al [6] have expressed doubt whether evaporation of superheated liquids can occur sufficiently fast to produce significant blast at all.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Fig. 1, the approximate position of the liquid spinodal line in the PT diagram of CO 2 is represented as a straight line connecting the critical point C to the experimentally determined superheat limit temperature at ambient pressure [2]. The depressurization at constant temperature would correspond to the line from A to B.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TSL can be computed once an equation of state (EOS) describing the material is known. Different choices for the EOS can lead to different values [1,2]. De Sá et al [11], Delale et al [12] and Abbasi and Abbasi [2] have investigated whether or not the TSL derived from an EOS is in agreement with experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Blast from explosive evaporation of carbon dioxide: experiment, modeling and physics

Voort¹,

Berg²,

Roekaerts

et al. 2012

Shock Waves

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Explosive evaporation of a superheated liquid is a relevant hazard in the process industry. A vessel rupture during storage, transport or handling may lead to devastating blast effects. In order to assess the risk associated with this hazard or to design protective measures, an accurate prediction model for the blast generated after vessel rupture is needed. For this reason a fundamental understanding of the effects of a boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) is essential. In this paper, we report on a number of well-defined BLEVE experiments with 40-l liquid CO 2 bottles. The existing inertia-limited BLEVE model has been validated by its application to these experiments. Good qualitative agreement between model and experiment was found, while quantitatively the results provide a safe estimate. Possible model improvements taking into account the finite rate of evaporation are described. These comprise phenomena such as bubble nucleation and growth rate, and the two-phase flow regime. Suggestions for improved experiments are given as well.

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Blast charts for explosive evaporation of superheated liquids

Berg¹

2008

Process Safety Progress

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Explosive evaporation of superheated liquids is a hazard faced in many sectors of the process industries. The assumption that the explosive evaporation process is as fast as the inertia of the expanding mix of vapor and liquid in the surrounding air allows has been used as a safe and conservative starting point for the numerical computation of the blast. The result represents the maximum blast potential of an evaporating superheated liquid. The modeling has been applied for the compilation of blast charts for some gaseous substances that are usually stored, transported, or handled in liquefied form. Because the blast charts have been directly computed from the gas dynamics of an explosive evaporation process, they enable a more realistic assessment of the blast potential of superheated liquids than the usual methods based on TNT‐equivalency. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2008

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Accidental risk of superheated liquids and a framework for predicting the superheat limit

Cited by 68 publications

References 43 publications

Estimation of the Thermodynamic Limit of Overheating for Bulk Water from Interfacial Properties

Estimation of the Thermodynamic Limit of Overheating for Bulk Water from Interfacial Properties

Blast from explosive evaporation of carbon dioxide: experiment, modeling and physics

Blast charts for explosive evaporation of superheated liquids

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