Accessory limb associated with spina bifida

Lumbosacral Parasitic Twin Associated with Lipomeningomyelocele: A Rare Occurrence

“…The presence of other body tissues like penis, bladder, skin appendage, presacral mass, bowel tissue, etc., coexisting with the accessory limb, support this theory [8,9,10]. Others believe that faulty secondary neurulation causes this defect [2,11,12]. Oversecretion of neural tube fluid during faulty neurulation collects under the skin and manifests later as a differentiated accessory limb.…”

“…This is a very rare entity. In the case of lumbosacral twinning, it may be associated with neural tube defects like lipomeningomyelocele (LMMC) [2,3]. We happened to come across one such patient.…”

A case of cephalomelia discovered in a baby born in Niger

“…Indeed, two of us (SS, CMS) have already published two cases of notomelia observed in the same hospital [13]. Furthermore, such a genetic background could also account for the predominance of Indian cases published in the literature [7,12,15]. However, this prevalence can also arise as the consequence of a defect generated by specific teratogens.…”

“…We choose here to refer these lesions as polymelia as they were described by Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire [3] and in veterinary medicine. The extra limb can arise from different topographies; however, limbs arising at the level of the body axis are extremely rare [3,7] forming either notomelia when attached to the spine or cephalomelia when adherent to the occipital bone. We had the opportunity to cure a 6-day-old boy presenting a tumor adherent to the occipital bone characterized by two forelimbs with hands and digits.…”

Dorsolumbar Parasitic Rachipagus Twin, Case Report

“…9,13 Neural tube defects associated with ectopic mass have been reported in a few cases. Krishna et al, 12 reported accessory legs associated with spina bifida and rudimentary external genitalia. Sharma et al, 16 reported two of three cases with spina bifida and hemivertebrae.…”