On the way to chaotic evolution, periodicity, bistability, and multistability are observed, such as in the outputs of semiconductor lasers with optical feedback. The system of optical feedback in a semiconductor laser is sometimes called self-mixing semiconductor laser. In a periodic state, the laser output shows not simply periodic oscillation but also hysteresis. Novel applications have been proposed based on these phenomena, for example, a displacement measurement is performed by counting the fringes obtained from bistable self-mixing interference between the internal field and the optical feedback light in the laser cavity. The direction of the displacement is simultaneously determined from asymmetric waveforms showing hysteresis. Also correlation of signals between scattering and reference chaotic lights can be applied for remote sensing from distant reflecting targets. We discuss various methods for optical metrology based on self-mixing interference effects and correlation techniques in semiconductor lasers. This chapter does not deal with the detailed descriptions of the methods and their accuracies but with the introduction of the principles of the methods.