Accessing analytes in biofluids for peripheral biochemical monitoring

Heikenfeld, Jason; Jajack, Andrew J.; Feldman, Benjamin; Granger, Steve W.; Gaitonde, Supriya; Begtrup, Gavi; Katchman, Benjamin A.

doi:10.1038/s41587-019-0040-3

Cited by 478 publications

(546 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…[4,26] This underlines the advantage of our GEPC in preventing triggering decomposition in error. For instance, under actual conditions, the sweat excretion from skin ranges from 0.1 to 2 µL min −1 cm −2 , which is not enough for the water-triggered decomposition.…”

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confidence: 79%

“…[24] The system-level workflow of the TEE for multiplexed onbody measurements and data analysis is illustrated in Figure 1c. [25,26] Importantly, our TEE approach demonstrates both skinfriendly and eco-friendly attributes by virtue of its unique material composition and corresponding water-triggered physical transiency. Moreover, our strategy bridges the existing discipline gap between epidermal electronics and transient electronics by merging flexible electronic technologies of on-skin electrodes and sensors, with the technologies of water-triggered and heat-modulated decomposable substrates so that the epidermal electronics are disposable and eventually degradable.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[30,31] A variety of electrical techniques have proven successful in the laboratory using graphene materials and protein substrates. [4,26] To this end, we devised a new strategy to improve detection accuracy, using two symmetrical sensors based on the R-EDG with improved sensitivity to achieve in situ calibration for on-skin bacterial monitoring (Note S3, Supporting Information). [32] Adv.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[1,11] In addition, we developed an ANN algorithm that acquires the physiological signatures arising from the detected parameters while minimizing the differences between individuals. [25,26] Importantly, our TEE approach demonstrates both skinfriendly and eco-friendly attributes by virtue of its unique material composition and corresponding water-triggered physical transiency. This was enabled by controlled plasticization of the double-network protein-based copolymer, as illustrated in Figure 1d.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Skin‐Friendly Electronics for Acquiring Human Physiological Signatures

2019

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exercise that may last for hours or even days. [1,6,7] Much effort has been invested to increase adhesion by improving/optimizing the mechanical properties, thickness, and structural design of the device substrate. [8,9] However, just like many skin adhesives and transdermal patches, the strong adhesive design in many skin-mounted devices usually results in difficult detachment after their use, causing skin irritation, pain and even secondary damage to the wound when used, for example, as a wound healing dressing. [10] Strategies to design epidermal devices with strong adhesion and easy (preferably triggered, ondemand) detachment properties have yet to be developed. Moreover, technologies for safe disposal of epidermal electronics (most of which eventually end up in electronic wastes) have been rarely explored. Furthermore, harsh and fluctuating conditions during prolonged outdoor activities may affect the accuracy and reliability of those skin-mounted devices. [3,4] Most designs neglect these important aspects of epidermal devices, hindering them from real-world applications.Here we report a set of degradable epidermal electronics consisting of both physical and biochemical sensors that can monitor multidimensional physiological parameters such as electrocardiograms (ECG), electrooculography (EOG), and electromyography (EMG) as well as temperature, strain, humidity, and bacterial infection. Using an artificial neural network (ANN), important physiology signatures can be detected that are nearly unaffected by individual differences. Moreover, while Epidermal sensing devices offer great potential for real-time health and fitness monitoring via continuous characterization of the skin for vital morphological, physiological, and metabolic parameters. However, peeling them off can be difficult and sometimes painful especially when these skinmounted devices are applied on sensitive or wounded regions of skin due to their strong adhesion. A set of biocompatible and water-decomposable "skinfriendly" epidermal electronic devices fabricated on flexible, stretchable, and degradable protein-based substrates are reported. Strong adhesion and easy detachment are achieved concurrently through an environmentally benign, plasticized protein platform offering engineered mechanical properties and water-triggered, on-demand decomposition lifetime (transiency). Human experiments show that multidimensional physiological signals can be measured using these innovative epidermal devices consisting of electroand biochemical sensing modules and analyzed for important physiological signatures using an artificial neural network. The advances provide unique, versatile capabilities and broader applications for user-and environmentally friendly epidermal devices.Epidermal electronics, an emerging class of wearable electronic devices that are mounted on the human skin with conformal contact for direct skin-sensor interactions, are especially appealing for the "Internet of Things" and next-generation wearable medical applications. [1][2][3][4][5]...

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confidence: 79%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Skin‐Friendly Electronics for Acquiring Human Physiological Signatures

2019

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“…In diabetes, a future goal is the development of non‐invasive biosensors. However, for most other diagnostic biomarker analytes, no wearables are available at all (Heikenfeld et al , ).…”

Section: Connecting 4ds In Precision Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

4 Ds in health research—working together toward rapid precision medicine

et al. 2019

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Patient therapy is based mainly on a combination of diagnosis, suitable monitoring or support devices and drug treatment and is usually employed for a pre‐existing disease condition. Therapy remains predominantly symptom‐based, although it is increasingly clear that individual treatment is possible and beneficial. However, reasonable precision medicine can only be realized with the coordinated use of diagnostics, devices and drugs in combination with extensive databases (4Ds), an approach that has not yet found sufficient implementation. The practical combination of 4Ds in health care is progressing, but several obstacles still hamper their extended use in precision medicine.

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