Accessibility and capability: the minimum transport needs and costs of rural households

Smith, Noel; Hirsch, Donald; Davis, Abigail

doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.01.004

Cited by 78 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This argument is supported by empirical studies relying on a diversity of methods, ranging from econometrics (Dargay, 2002) to quantitative surveys (Gray, Farrington, Shaw, Martin, & Roberts, 2001) and focus groups (Smith, Hirsch, & Davis, 2012). However, given higher levels of motorisation in these areas, the share of the population that is exposed to car deprivation is lower.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Where Sustainable Transport and Social Exclusion Meet: Households Without Cars and Car Dependence in Great Britain

Mattioli

2014

Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning

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A secondary analysis of the British National Travel Survey for the years [2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010] shows that the composition of the group of carless households is a good indicator for the level of car dependence in a local area: indeed, while non-car ownership in peripheral and rural areas very often corresponds to a marginal socio-demographic situation, this is less and less true as one moves towards larger urban areas. Similarly, while in sparse areas most households without cars are either virtually immobile or reliant on car lifts, in la between car-owning and carless households is considerably smaller, as the latter are able to use modal alternatives to the car. These findings are interpreted with reference to an integrated theoretical framework, showing how changes in land-use and the environmental and social impacts of increasing motorisation are intimately linked. Notably, the consequences of the self-reinforcing cycle of car dependence on two forms of car-related transport disadvantage (car deprivation and forced car ownership) are highlighted. Overall, the article highlights how the socio-demographic composition and the travel behaviour of carless households vary systematically across different types of area: this has interesting implications for sustainable transport policy and research.

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confidence: 99%

Where Sustainable Transport and Social Exclusion Meet: Households Without Cars and Car Dependence in Great Britain

Mattioli

2014

Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning

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“…Thus, despite calls for a greater use of individual level data to understand social exclusion (Grieco, 2003;Kamruzzaman & Hine, 2011;Preston & Rajé, 2007), most studies treat "the elderly" as one of several groups at risk of exclusion. Studies which analyze social exclusion and mobility in rural areas also share this tendency (for example, Kamruzzaman & Hine, 2012;Smith, Hirsch, & Davis, 2012). Furthermore, these studies do not look in detail at how older people interact with other people (such as family members), or how they themselves may be choosing to be excluded from what would be considered "normal" social activities.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Kindness of Strangers: Exploring Interdependencies and Shared Mobilities of Elderly People in Rural Japan

Yamamoto

Zhang

2017

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For over forty years, most residents in rural areas of Japan have relied on private vehicles to meet their mobility needs. Today, however, the rapid ageing of the population, coupled with low birth rates and migration of young people to urban areas, is posing a variety of new transport challenges. Most notably, the proportion of drivers to non-drivers is getting smaller. This means that non-drivers who relied on family and neighbours for trips in the past, as well as elderly residents who give up their licenses, have fewer people to drive them. Current policy debates tend to focus on technological "solutions", and underestimate the complex social, cultural and inter-personal relationships which underlie transport dependencies in these environments. Using a qualitative semi-structured survey, the current study explores the current mobilities of older people living in a small rural district in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. The resulting analysis reveals how cultural attitudes and social norms affect the ways in which older people manage their mobilities.

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“…Accessibility refers to the opportunities that are available within a certain distance or travel time [85,87,95,96]. Although different methods exist in the literature to derive levels of accessibility (see [97]), cumulative opportunity/isochrones measure has been used predominantly to identify transport disadvantage [19].…”

Section: Area Accessibility-based Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measures of Transport-Related Social Exclusion: A Critical Review of the Literature

et al. 2016

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Quantitative measures of transport disadvantage are reviewed in this paper from the perspective of their effectiveness to investigate social exclusion. The effectiveness is assessed using criteria derived through a review of the concepts of transport disadvantage and social exclusion and their operationalisation. The specified criteria are related to issues of spatial (e.g., urban accessibility, and public transport accessibility), temporal (e.g., public transport availability, and facility opening hours), and social attributes of travel and activity participation (e.g., personal mobility, and disability). Four groups of transport disadvantage measures are identified and evaluated. These include deprivation-based measures, mobility-based measures, accessibility-based measures, and activity-based measures. The review suggests that although the first three categories of measures have traditionally been used to identify transport disadvantage, they do not satisfy issues surrounding activity participation-the key outcome of social exclusion. The activity space concept is a way in which these issues can be incorporated, as it is a measure of the outcomes of activity participation and their associated travel to that activity. Participation in an activity means that an individual has overcome the spatial, temporal and social barriers of travel for that activity. The research using the activity space concept has, however, inadequately identified individual travel and activity participation. This has been due to a separate application of a range of different indicators to assess activity space size. These indicators are by their nature multidimensional-e.g., area visited, distance travelled, and number of activity sites visited. Although each indicator represents a specific qualitative/quantitative aspect of travel and activity participation, researchers have treated these indicators in an isolated manner to identify transport disadvantage and consequently transport-related social exclusion. This paper identifies the weaknesses and strengths associated with these measures; and methods are directed to overcome the limitations.

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Accessibility and capability: the minimum transport needs and costs of rural households

Cited by 78 publications

References 5 publications

Where Sustainable Transport and Social Exclusion Meet: Households Without Cars and Car Dependence in Great Britain

Where Sustainable Transport and Social Exclusion Meet: Households Without Cars and Car Dependence in Great Britain

The Kindness of Strangers: Exploring Interdependencies and Shared Mobilities of Elderly People in Rural Japan

Measures of Transport-Related Social Exclusion: A Critical Review of the Literature

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