Accessibility, affordability, and equity in long-term spatial planning: Perspectives from a developing country

Heerden, Quintin Van; Karsten, Carike; Holloway, Jenny; Petzer, Engela; Burger, P. V.; Mans, Gerbrand G

doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2022.03.007

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Compared with the traditional small-scale sampling method, the use of multi-source data can achieve large-scale and rapid collection of the objective distribution of urban pension service resources [47]. Methods to study accessibility usually include the gravity model method, huff model, kernel density method, network analysis method, and 2-Step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method [35,48,49], among which the 2SFCA is widely favored by researchers. The 2SFCA method stems from the floating catchment area (FCA) approach, which uses spatial interaction processes in the manipulation of supply and demand [50].…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Spatial Distribution Equilibrium of Elderly Care Facilities in Downtown Shanghai

Huang

Gong

White

2022

IJERPH

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With the growing challenge of aging populations around the world, the study of the care services for older adults is an essential initiative to accommodate the particular needs of the disadvantaged communities and promote social equity. Based on open-source data and the geographic information system (GIS), this paper quantifies and visualizes the imbalance in the spatial distribution of elderly care facilities in 14,578 neighborhoods in downtown (seven districts) Shanghai, China. Eight types of elderly care facilities were obtained from Shanghai elderly care service platform, divided into two categories according to their service scale. With the introduction of the improved Gaussian 2-step floating catchment area method, the accessibility of two category facilities was calculated. Through the global autocorrelation analysis, it is found that the accessibility of elderly care facilities has the characteristics of spatial agglomeration. Local autocorrelation analysis indicates the cold and hot spots in the accessibility agglomeration state of the two types of facilities, by which we summarized the characteristics of their spatial heterogeneity. It is found that for Category−Ⅰ, there is a large range of hot spots in Huangpu District. For Category−Ⅱ, the hot-spot and cold-spot areas show staggered distribution, and the two categories of hot spot distribution show a negative correlation. We conclude that the two categories are not evenly distributed in the urban area, which will lead to the low efficiency of resource allocation of elderly care facilities and have a negative impact on social fairness. This research offers a systematic method to study urban access to care services for older adults as well as a new perspective on improving social fairness.

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Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Spatial Distribution Equilibrium of Elderly Care Facilities in Downtown Shanghai

Huang

Gong

White

2022

IJERPH

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“…The measurements of spatial accessibility are derived from the interaction of three input variables: supply (i.e., locations of infrastructure), demand (i.e., locations of expected infrastructure users), and mobility (i.e., travel costs from demand locations to supply locations). Sometimes, other variables, such as distance decay functions and threshold travel time, are introduced into measurements to indicate the population's desire to visit infrastructure [38]. In the literature different approach has been employed for the measurement of spatially accessibility such as the gravity model, Shen's model, and 2SFCA [13].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing Spatial Location Preference of Urban Activities with Mode-Dependent Accessibility Using Integrated Land Use–Transport Models

Raza

Muhammad

Zhong

et al. 2022

Land

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Accessibility is the ease of reaching opportunities (goods, services, activities, and destinations). Accessibility of desirable locations such as households and commercial locations, is typically scaffolded by land use patterns and transportation infrastructure. It can reflect people’s travel convenience, cities’ viability, sustainability, and mitigate the negative effects on the environment and public safety. Consequently, it is recognized as a fundamental principle in urban sustainable development policies worldwide. In the literature, most of the studies have used a static or partially dynamic approach with a single mode such as a car or public transportation by using conventional models. These “static” models assume that household locations are static and that transportation supply and opportunities for social practice activities are fixed in time and space, which can lead to biased or even misleading assumptions in accessibility models. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of dynamic spatial accessibility through Mode-Dependent Accessibility (MDA) on the location choice behaviors of urban activities such as households and commercialin the City of Wuhan, China. This study employed the Mode-Dependent Travel Demand Model (M-TDM) to measure the impact of short-term MDA on household and commercial activities for the years 2012 and 2015. Additionally, an integrated spatial economic (ISE) model such as PECAS (Production, Exchange, Consumption, Allocation, System) in order to investigate location preferences of urban activities over space and time. Regarding household and commercial location choice, the ISE modeling results revealed that households and commercial activities are sensitive to MDA, especially using transit. The ISE method predicted that the R2 for household and commercial location choice models was 0.84 to 0.90 for transit-based accessibility, whereas the R2 for logsum-based static models was 0.48 to 0.72. In addition, their findings suggest that highly accessible locations that are well served by auto are more appealing for household and commercial activities. The findings of this study will help urban planners, transportation planners, and policymakers take into account the dynamic nature of short-term MDA when zoning and allocating urban activities and public amenities, instead of using static accessibility.

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“…However, in the field of urban planning, equitable access to urban amenities for citizens is required in order to pursue normative values [14,[31][32][33][34][35]. Spatial and social inequalities are becoming increasingly important issues among urban planners [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Urban Amenity Accessibility Within Residential Segregation: Evidence from Seoul's Apartment Housing

Lee,

Jeong,

2024

Preprint

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Residential segregation refers to the phenomenon where people of different socioeconomic backgrounds live in spatially separated areas. It is essential to ensure equitable access to urban amenities for all residents in pursuit of the normative values in urban planning. To achieve this planning goal, the disparity in accessibility to urban amenities needs to be appropriately diagnosed. Private apartments and public rental apartments are representative types of residences where residential segregation is likely to occur in the context of South Korea, since these two types show considerable differences in the education, income, and occupations. The objective of this study is to develop an analysis framework for diagnosing the difference in accessibility to urban amenities between the two residential types, and to empirically demonstrate their utility in the planning process. The empirical analysis conducted on Seoul revealed that not only were there significant local variations in accessibility between the two segregated residential areas, but the overall differences across the entire area were also pronounced. The proposed framework is useful in supporting decision-making processes for locating new public facilities or identifying regional priorities for guiding the placement of private amenities, with the aim of mitigating differences between segregated residential areas.

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Accessibility, affordability, and equity in long-term spatial planning: Perspectives from a developing country

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Study on Spatial Distribution Equilibrium of Elderly Care Facilities in Downtown Shanghai

Study on Spatial Distribution Equilibrium of Elderly Care Facilities in Downtown Shanghai

Analyzing Spatial Location Preference of Urban Activities with Mode-Dependent Accessibility Using Integrated Land Use–Transport Models

Exploring Urban Amenity Accessibility Within Residential Segregation: Evidence from Seoul's Apartment Housing

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