“…Despite this progress, a significant proportion of seriously mentally ill patients continue to receive sub-optimal pharmacological treatment and under-utilize appropriate treatments (Lehman et al, 1998;Young, Sullivan, Burnam, & Brook, 1998). Previous studies have found less adequate care for African American patients than whites in their lower use of newer types of psychotropic medications, fewer outpatient visits and more emergency room/crisis contacts (Covell, Jackson, Evans, & Essock, 2002;Daumit et al, 2003;Hu, Snowden, & Jerrell 1992;Kuno & Rothbard, 2002;Mark, Dirani, Slade, & Russo, 2002;Rothbard, Kuno, & Foley, 2003;Snowden & Holschuh, 1992;Snowden & Thomas, 2000;Wang, West, Tanielian, & Pincus, 2000).…”