In the context of the climate crisis and the Paris Agreement, the EU has set the target of reducing its carbon emissions by 55% compared to 1990 levels by 2030 and reaching carbon neutrality by 2050. The transformation of the energy system through the substitution of fossil fuels with energy demand reductions, variable renewable energy and other low-carbon fuels and technologies will be crucial to meeting those goals. However, the positive and negative consequences of different socio-technical paths are still not fully understood, and in particular, more knowledge is needed regarding the potential socio-political, market and local acceptance of these paths, as this is essential for a timely energy transition. This study contributes to this understanding by studying which ownership characteristics and models could best promote (a) the implementation of onshore wind farms and district heating systems in renewable smart energy systems and (b) the reduction of the related energy costs and prices.