Acceptance of low-saponin lines of alfalfa with varied phenolic concentrations by pea aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Goławska, Sylwia; Łukasik, Iwona

doi:10.2478/s11756-009-0051-5

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The growth, survival and fecundity of pea aphid on my studied alfalfas, beans and red clovers were suppressed when compared to the pea and broad bean species. These results were similar to previous studies where pea aphids were reared on peas (Birch and Wratten 1984;Soroka and Mackay 1991;Morgan et al 2001), broad beans (Birch and Wratten 1984), alfalfas (Goławska and Łukasik 2009) and red clovers (Zeng et al 1993). In our study we have come to the conclusion that one of the differences in average larvaes per female per day values, might be caused by host plant influence on pea aphid fecundity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In contrast, pea and broad bean appeared to be a suitable host on which A. pisum could rapidly develop and expand in number. Several reports have been published about the effects of host cultivars on pea aphid life histories (Bieri et al 1983;Goławska and Łukasik 2009). Considerable research has been conducted on the demographics of the pea aphid (Hutchison and Hogg 1984;Zeng et al 1993;Legrand and Barbosa 2000) as well as on the effect of different plant species and cultivars and plant morphology on pea aphid development Mackay 1990, 1991;Kaakeh and Dutcher 1993;Sandström 1994;Sandström and Pettersson 1994;Kordan et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But there are some data that demonstrated negative effects of the allelochemicals on A. pisum. It was showed that saponins, phenolic and flavonoid compounds may repel or deter the aphids from feeding and may exert a negative influence on growth and reproduction of aphids (Oleszek et al 1992;Goławska 2006Goławska , 2007Goławska et al 2006;Golawska et al 2008;Goławska and Łukasik 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Various Host-Plants on the Population Growth and Development of The Pea Aphid

Goławska¹

2010

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Abstract:The performance of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Homoptera: Aphididae) was studied on several Fabaceae species including: pea (Pisum sativum), broad bean (Vicia faba), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and red clover (Trifolium pratense). Alfalfa, bean and red clover were less accepted by the pea aphid than pea and broad bean. The pea aphid fed on the alfalfa, bean and red clover showed longer pre-reproductive, and shorter reproductive and post-reproductive periods. Alfalfa, bean and red clover also shortened and decreased fecundity of the pea aphid. Mean survival of the pea aphids fed on red clover and bean plants was reduced in comparison to pea aphid fed on pea and broad bean. The other studied population parameters: intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m ), net reproduction (R 0 ) and mean generation time were also reduced in the case of the pea aphid on alfalfa, red clover and bean. The study of aphid development and reproduction demonstrated that pea and broad bean are suitable host plants for A. pisum while alfalfa, red clover and bean are not. It is likely that the rejection of alfalfa, red clover and bean by A. pisum was caused by chemical factors in these hosts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Various Host-Plants on the Population Growth and Development of The Pea Aphid

Goławska¹

2010

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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“…The susceptibility of leguminous plants to the pea aphid infestation depends partly on the amount of phenolics in plant tissues, especially in the species lacking other lines of constitutive chemical defense, which is the case in P. sativum (Goławska and Łukasik 2012). In other plant species, such as lupins or alfalfa, the relative content of alkaloids in lupins and the occurrence of saponins in alfalfa determine the susceptibility of different varieties of these plants to the pea aphid (Goławska and Łukasik 2009;Kordan et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Struggle to survive: aphid—plant relationships under low-light stress. A case of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) and Pisum sativum L.

Dancewicz

Paprocka

Morkunas

2017

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Light is primary source of energy and also plays signaling and regulatory roles in developmental processes and defense responses of plants. The aim of the study was to determine the performance, settling preferences, probing, and feeding behavior of Acyrthosiphon pisum on Pisum sativum grown in complete darkness (NL), with light at minimum level required for photoperiodic reaction (LL) and under full-light (FL) conditions. The effect of A. pisum infestation on metabolic status and defense responses of peas under FL, LL, and NL conditions was also determined. The population growth rate was limited on LL and NL pea plants as compared to FL plants. The reproductive period of aphids on LL and NL plants was eight times shorter than on plants growing in FL. In contrast to aphids on FL plants, the majority of A. pisum rejected LL and NL plants during settling. Aphid probing activities were not impeded on LL and NL plants but the probes were significantly shorter than on FL plants and consisted mainly of non-phloem activities. The analysis of tolerance of P. sativum to A. pisum showed that on FL plants, the number of aphids was nearly five times higher than on plants growing in low light (LL) at the end of the 2-week experiment but the tolerance index of FL plants was higher than that of LL plants. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, saccharides, and phenolics and the activity of b-D-glucosidase were notably lower in LL and NL plants than in FL plants. The increase in light intensity from complete darkness to the minimum level required for photoperiodic reaction did not stimulate evident changes in the measured plant biochemical parameters. These trends occurred in aphid-free (AF) and aphidinfested (AI) plants. However, under FL conditions, b-Dglucosidase activity and the content of saccharides were lower in AI plants than in AF plants. No differences in the measured plant biochemical parameters between AI and AF plants occurred under LL and NL conditions. The low b-D-glucosidase activity and low content of phenolics in the light-deprived plants that have reduced ability to photosynthesize show that under the biotic stress of aphid infestation plants invest in supporting basic metabolism rather than in defense against herbivores.

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“…Variety, season, cultivar, environment (29 -32) , field drying (33) , plant ensilage (34) , age and plant part (35 -38) are the other factors responsible for allelochemical variations in alfalfa and other plants. The amounts of saponins and also other secondary metabolites in plant tissues are variable and biologically affect insect pests such as the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) (28,39,40) . We were interested to investigate the biological role of saponins in the response of alfalfa (as a preferred host) to spotted alfalfa aphid (Therioaphis maculata Buckten) feeding, particularly in relation to changes in saponin composition during alfalfa development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) shoot saponins: identification and bio-activity by the assessment of aphid feeding

Mazahery-Laghab

Yazdi-Samadi

Bagheri³

et al. 2010

Br J Nutr

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Biochemical components in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), such as saponins, can act as protecting factors against bio-stresses. Saponins are also antifeedants and show oral toxicity towards higher and lower animals. Changes in saponins, such as variation in the carbon skeleton, or hydrolysis of saponin glycosides and other conjugates, may change their biological effects. The aims of this research were to study saponin variation in different growth stages of alfalfa and to investigate the biological role of saponins in the spotted alfalfa aphid, Therioaphis maculata. Saponins from alfalfa shoots in different growth stages were extracted, chemically purified and analysed by TLC. Specific saponins such as soyasaponin1 from root and shoot and two bisdesmosides of medicagenic acid, one from shoot and another from root tissues, were identified using reference compounds allowing changes in saponin composition during plant development in different shoot tissues of alfalfa to be assessed. The response of the alfalfa aphid to feeding on alfalfa in different growth stages was studied. No significant difference in the survival of aphids, from neonate to adult, was observed, but due to the antibiotic effects of saponins, two differences were found in the onset of nymph production and cumulative nymph production. The results show that the saponin composition in alfalfa changes with plant development and this, in turn, can often negatively affect the development of specific insect pests such as the spotted alfalfa aphid, suggesting a possible biological role of alfalfa saponins.

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Acceptance of low-saponin lines of alfalfa with varied phenolic concentrations by pea aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Cited by 30 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of Various Host-Plants on the Population Growth and Development of The Pea Aphid

Effect of Various Host-Plants on the Population Growth and Development of The Pea Aphid

Struggle to survive: aphid—plant relationships under low-light stress. A case of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) and Pisum sativum L.

Alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) shoot saponins: identification and bio-activity by the assessment of aphid feeding

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