Acceptability of the combined oral contraceptive pill among Hong Kong women

Lo, Stephen T.H.; Fan, Susan

doi:10.12809/hkmj154672

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our findings are similar to those of previous studies 52 which reported that there was a significant risk for the development of IBD, but we observed this significance only for Western populations. Women in China tend to be less willing to use OCP pills than women in Western countries 55 . Therefore, the limited sample size and lower OCP usage may not reflect the true risk in the East.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: environmental and dietary differences of inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern and Western populations

Zhao

Feng

Ben‐Horin

et al. 2021

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Summary Background While the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has stabilised in the West, it is still increasing in several newly industrialised countries. Aims To investigate whether the environmental and dietary risk factors for IBD differ between Eastern and Western populations Methods We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published from inception through June 30, 2020. Data were pooled using a random effects model. Results Overall, 255 studies were assessed. We identified 25 risk factors for IBD, seven of which were noted in both Eastern and Western populations: family history of Crohn's disease [CD] or ulcerative colitis [UC], former smoking (CD/UC), smoking (CD), appendicectomy (CD), tonsillectomy (CD), meat and meat products (CD), and vitamin D deficiency (UC). The remaining factors, including urban living, current smoking, antibiotics, oral contraceptives, caesarean section, isotretinoin, total energy, fat, cholesterol, fatty acids and their sub‐classifications, eggs, and soft drinks, were associated with an increased risk of IBD in Western or Eastern populations only. We identified 21 protective factors for IBD, among which eight were common in the East and West: farm animals (CD/UC), Helicobacter pylori infection (CD/UC), multiple births (CD), physical activity (CD), history of breastfeeding (CD), pets (UC), current smoking (UC), and coffee intake (UC). Ten factors conferred protection against IBD in Western populations only, whereas eight factors conferred protection against IBD in Eastern populations only. Conclusions Numerous environmental and dietary factors influenced the development of IBD in both Western and Eastern populations, whereas certain factors influenced IBD risk differently in these populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: environmental and dietary differences of inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern and Western populations

Zhao

Feng

Ben‐Horin

et al. 2021

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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“…From an online survey conducted in Hong Kong, 12.6% of women had used an oral contraceptive in the year prior to the survey, but many of them had stopped using it. 9 According to the annual report of the Family Planning Association of Hong Kong in 2014-2015, 22% of the 48 363 clients who practised birth control, including women who were both married and unmarried, used an oral contraceptive. 10 Only 6% of teenage girls who attended the youth health care centres used COC pills for contraception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mothers' attitude to the use of a combined oral contraceptive pill by their daughters for menstrual disorders or contraception

2017

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“…Speech stimuli used in the study were selected from the CSIT [33]. The CSIT consists of a pool of more than 1,000 Cantonese sentences that vary in length from 5 to 15 words and includes 100 sentences for each sentence length.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that CS negatively affected speech acceptability but not listener comfort. However, it should be noted that higher ratings of speech acceptability, which are based on pitch, rate, understandability, and voice quality, do not always result in high levels of speech intelligibility [14, 33]. A follow-up study by Cox et al [47] examined the effect of CS on vowel production by 10 EL users and found that vowels produced using CS had a longer duration, but there was no effect on vowel identification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Clear Speech on Cantonese Alaryngeal Speakers’ Intelligibility

Hui

Cox

Huang

et al. 2021

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Background/Aim: The purpose of this study was to provide preliminary data concerning the effect of clear speech (CS) on Cantonese alaryngeal speakers’ intelligibility. Methods: Voice recordings of 11 sentences randomly selected from the Cantonese Sentence Intelligibility Test (CSIT) were obtained from 31 alaryngeal speakers (9 electrolarynx [EL] users, 10 esophageal speakers and 12 tracheoesophageal [TE] speakers) in habitual speech (HS) and CS. Two naïve listeners orthographically transcribed a total of 1,364 sentences. Results: Significant effects of speaking condition on speaking rate and CSIT scores were observed, but no significant effect of alaryngeal communication methods was noted. CS was significantly slower than HS by 0.78 syllables/s. Esophageal speakers demonstrated the slowest speech rate when using CS, while EL users demonstrated the largest decrease in speaking rate when using CS compared to HS. TE speakers had the highest CSIT scores in HS (listener 1 = 81.4%; listener 2 = 81.3%), and esophageal speakers had the highest CSIT scores in CS (listener 1 = 87.5%; listener 2 = 89.7%). EL users experienced the largest increase in intelligibility while using CS compared to HS (9.1%) followed by esophageal speakers (8.9%) and TE speakers (1.4%). Conclusion: Preliminary data indicate that CS may significantly affect Cantonese alaryngeal speakers’ speaking rate and intelligibility. However, intelligibility appeared to vary considerably across speakers. Further research involving larger, heterogeneous groups of speakers and listeners alongside longer and more refined CS training protocols should be conducted to confirm that CS can improve Cantonese alaryngeal speakers’ intelligibility.

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Acceptability of the combined oral contraceptive pill among Hong Kong women

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: environmental and dietary differences of inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern and Western populations

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: environmental and dietary differences of inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern and Western populations

Mothers' attitude to the use of a combined oral contraceptive pill by their daughters for menstrual disorders or contraception

The Effect of Clear Speech on Cantonese Alaryngeal Speakers’ Intelligibility

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