Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors by Race-Ethnicity: 2003–2006 NHANES

Abstract

Previous studies suggest that the magnitude of morbidity/mortality reduction may differ between race-ethnic groups despite equated dose of physical activity (PA). The purpose of this study was to compare the potential racial-ethnic differences in cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) across quartiles of accelerometer-derived total activity counts/day (TAC/d) among US adults. The final sample (n=4144) included adults who participated in the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). CMRF included fasting glucose (FG), fasting insulin (FI), HOMA-IR, resting systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist circumference (WC), BMI, CRP, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides. Race-ethnic groups examined included non-Hispanic white (NHW), non-Hispanic black (NHB), and Mexican American (MA). In the highest quartile, NHW had significantly lower values of HOMA-IR, FI, SBP, BMI, WC, and HDL-C when compared to NHB. Compared to MA in the highest quartile, NHW had significantly lower values of HOMA-IR, FI, BMI, and triglycerides. Significant race-ethnic differences were found for several CMRF, especially among those who were in the top quartile of PA (e.g., the most active adults). It is probable that the protective effect of higher volumes of PA on CMRF is moderated by other non-PA factors distinct to NHB and MA.

Combined association of physical activity and sitting time with cardiometabolic risk factors in Chilean adults

“…Various electronic devices have emerged to provide accurate measurements of physical activity levels, one of which is the accelerometer 41 . Previous studies have used accelerometers to establish relationships with cardiometabolic risk factors 42 , 43 . The study by Silva et al 42 has sought to examine the combined association of different intensities of physical activity and sitting time with cardiometabolic risk factors.…”

Association between the Number of Days/Week of Different Levels of Physical Activity and Chronic Pain in People of Different Races: A Mendelian Randomization Study

“…Boyer's study revealed that similar levels of physical activity can reduce all-cause and diabetes-related mortality risk among non-Hispanic whites (and non-Hispanic blacks) but have no effect on Mexican Americans [30,31]. Boyer's study found significant racial-ethnic differences in several cardiometabolic risk factors among those who had similar levels of physical activity [32]. In addition, ethnicity can impact cortisol, β-endorphin, and allopregnanolone interactions with HPA axis functioning to influence the pain experience [33].…”