Accelerometer-derived physical activity and sedentary behaviors in individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study from the Danish nationwide DD2 cohort

Abstract

IntroductionHabitual physical activity behaviors of individuals with new-onset type 2 diabetes are largely unknown. We aimed to investigate accelerometer-derived physical activity behaviors in individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. We also examined sociodemographic and health-related correlates of a high-risk physical activity profile.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from 768 participants enrolled in an intervention study nested within the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 diabetes (DD2) cohort. Physical activity was assessed by 24-h dual monitor accelerometry. Prevalence ratios of having a high-risk physical activity profile were estimated using Poisson regression adjusted for age and sex.ResultsStudy participants spent on average 9.7 (25th and 75th percentiles, 8.3; 11.1) hours/day sitting, walked for 1.1 (0.8; 1.6) hours/day and accumulated 4,000 (2,521; 5,864) steps/day. Still, 62% met the recommendations for physical activity. Characteristics associated with a high-risk physical activity profile (observed in 24.5% of participants) included older age, higher body mass index (BMI), unemployment, retirement, comorbidities, and current smoking. Hence, participants aged 60–69, 70–79 and 80+ years had prevalence ratios of 2.12 (95% CI 1.31; 3.42), 1.99 (1.18; 3.34) and 3.09 (1.42; 6.75) for a high-risk activity profile, respectively, versus participants <50 years. BMI values of 30–39 and 40+ were associated with 1.83 (1.06; 3.15) and 3.38 (1.88; 6.05) higher prevalence ratios compared to normal-weight. Unemployment or retirement was associated with 1.62 (1.09; 2.41) and 2.15 (1.37; 3.39) times higher prevalence ratios, compared to individuals in the working force. Having a Charlson Comorbidity Index score of 1–2 or 3+ was associated with 1.36 (1.03–1.79) and 1.90 (1.27–1.84) higher prevalence ratios, while current smoking was associated with a prevalence ratio of 1.72 (1.25; 2.35) compared to never smokers.ConclusionThis study shows that 62% of individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes met the recommendations for physical activity. Still, the majority of participants were also highly sedentary and accumulated very few daily steps, emphasizing the need for focusing on both increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviors in the prevention of diabetes-related complications. Individuals with a high-risk physical activity profile were characterized by more obesity, socioeconomic inequalities, advanced age and comorbidities.Trial registration number: NCT02015130.

Differences in Associated Factors of Sedentary Behavior by Diabetes Mellitus Status: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

“…The results of our study indicated that LST and current smoking were independently associated, regardless of the diabetes mellitus status. This result is consistent with those of a previous cross-sectional study in individuals with diabetes mellitus that reported current smoking as a risk factor for a high-risk physical activity profile, defined as high sedentary time (>648 min/day) combined with low moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (<30 min/day) [40]. Another study of the general population in the United States also found that sedentary behavior was higher in current smokers than in non-smokers and past smokers and that past smokers, compared with non-smokers, had higher sedentary behavior [41].…”

Detailed descriptions of physical activity patterns among individuals with diabetes and prediabetes: the Lolland-Falster Health Study

“…7 8 28 29 We identified few studies that used device-based measurements among individuals with diabetes or prediabetes to report physical activity intensities and adherence to WHO recommendations. A Danish study by Domazet et al 30 found that 62% of individuals with a median age of 61.8 years and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes met the recommendations. A Swedish population-based study by Hult et al 31 found that 43% of 70-year-old adults with diabetes adhered to the WHO recommendations.…”

Relationships between physical activity and other health-related measures using state-based prevalence estimates

“…other health behaviors like smoking, alcohol use, and diet quality. [10][11][12] PA has consistently been associated with different measures of perceived health, such as healthrelated quality of life (HRQOL), general health, and life satisfaction. [13][14][15] Research also supports MSA as a positive predictor of other health-related behaviors directly associated with health outcomes.…”