Accelerator driven systems (ADS) for energy production and waste transmutation: International trends in R&amp;D

Gokhale, Pratibha A.; Deokattey, Sangeeta; Kumar, Vijai

doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2005.09.006

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The aim of ADTR ist obombardasubcriticalf uel mixture( U, Th,P u ...)withf ast neutronscoming from aspallation sourcei nduced byanaccelerator(Linac orCyclotron). Inaddition, the ADTRhasheatremovaland electricity generation equipment [8]. Invarious ADS applications,the solid Lead-Bismutho ra eutecticof Lead-Bismuthhasbeen the focus of attention both asspallation targets.The ADS iscontrolled through reactions in the spallation targetw hichi scaused byt he proton current [9,10].The deficiencyof neutronsiscompensated bythe spallation neutron sourcei nthe subcriticalcoreo fthe ADS [11].…”

Section: Adtr Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burnup calculations using serpent code in accelerator driven thorium reactors

2013

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In this study, burnup calculations have been performed for a sodium cooled Accelerator Driven Thorium Reactor (ADTR) using the Serpent 1.1.16 Monte Carlo code. The ADTR has been designed for burning minor actinides, mixed 232Th and mixed 233U fuels. A solid Pb-Bi spallation target in the center of the core is used and sodium as coolant. The system is designed for a heating power of 2000 MW and for an operation time of 600 days. For burnup calculations the Advanced Matrix Exponential Method CRAM (Chebyshev Rational Approximation Method) and different nuclear data libraries (ENDF7, JEF2.2, JEFF3.1.1) were used. The effective multiplication factor change from 0.93 to 0.97 for different nuclear data libraries during the reactor operation period.

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Section: Adtr Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burnup calculations using serpent code in accelerator driven thorium reactors

2013

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“…36 Thus the spent fuel or high-level waste management could and should be a significant consideration in the discussion of the potential for expanded nuclear deployment. Current research is examining the use of accelerator-driven systems to reduce the volume and radioactive toxicity of nuclear waste (Brolly and Vertes 2004;Gokhaleb, Deokatteya, and Kumar 2006). Because of the potential future uses of materials in spent nuclear fuel, disposal programs strive to ensure the retrievability of such waste, and research and development programs are aimed at achieving this goal.…”

Section: The Challenges Of Nuclear Waste Disposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Power and Sustainable Energy Policy: Promises and Perils

Kessides¹

2009

The World Bank Research Observer

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The author examines the challenges and opportunities of nuclear power in meeting the projected large absolute increase in energy demand, especially electricity, throughout the industrialized and developing world, while helping to mitigate the threat of climate change. A significant global nuclear power deployment would engender serious risks related to proliferation, safety, and waste disposal. Unlike renewable sources of energy, nuclear power is an unforgiving technology because human lapses and errors can have ecological and social impacts that are catastrophic and irreversible. However, according to some analysts, advances in the design of nuclear reactors may have reduced their associated risks and improved their performance. Moreover, while a variety of renewable energy sources (hydro, wind, modern biomass, solar) will play important roles in the transition to a low-carbon economy, some analysts perceive that nuclear power is the only proven technology for generating electricity that is both largely carbon-free, not location specific (as with wind, hydro and solar), and amenable to significant scaling up. Thus given the projections of threats from climate change, and if the considerable strain experienced by world energy markets in recent years is a harbinger of things to come, then there is a rationale for examining the pros and cons of nuclear power as a supply option within low-carbon strategies. It should be noted that despite the emerging centrality of climate change and security of supply in the energy policy debate, nuclear power is still viewed with a great deal of skepticism and in fact continues to elicit considerable opposition. Indeed the views on nuclear power in the context of sustainable energy policy are highly divergent. A thorough evaluation of all aspects of the issue is warranted. JEL codes: L52, L54, L94, L97, L98The world is facing an enormous energy challenge. Despite continuous declines in energy intensities, population growth and rising incomes in developing economies are stimulating substantial global energy demand. An adequate, secure, clean, and

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“…The concepts here involved are not new. In fact, the idea of combining a high-intensity accelerator impinging on a neutron production target was first discussed within the realm of transmutation of spent fuel by Steinberg [7], later considered within the Canadian Intense Neutron Generator project [8] and more recently the issue was reappraised by Gokhale [9]. The practical experience with these kind of systems mostly rely on work carried out at demonstrators such as the YALINA facility at the Radiation Physics and Chemistry Problems Institute in MinskSosny (Belarus), experiments carried out at operating fast reactor facilities such as MASURCA at Cadarache (France) as well as the years-long experience gained at facilities around the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI) [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%