Accelerating Thermal Transfer in Perovskite Films for High‐Efficiency and Stable Photovoltaics

Abstract

Heat accumulation within in‐service perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under light irradiation is one imminent threat in deteriorating the persistent power output and long‐term durability. Herein, a novel strategy is reported to remove dissipated heat by improving the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of perovskite film with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as additives. Benefiting from the interaction between perovskite and MWCNTs as well as the accelerated heat transfer kinetics mediated by MWCNTs, this method produces a high‐quality perovskite film with high crystallinity and reduced defects. Meanwhile, the incorporation of MWCNTs self‐cools the operational temperature of final PSC from 42.5 to 38.5 °C to compensate the high temperature‐induced performance reduction. Consequently, a significantly improved efficiency of 11.78% for carbon‐based CsPbIBr2 cell, 15.14% for carbon‐based CsPbI2Br cell, 22.13% and 23.05% for regular and inverted (FA0.83MA0.17)0.95Cs0.05Pb(I0.9Br0.1)3 cells, respectively, is achieved. Apart from the larger power conversion efficiency conservation rate > 94% over 2800 h in air without encapsulation, the optimal device demonstrates significant stability improvement by nearly 1.5‐times after thermal aging at 85 °C for 1300 h and 40‐fold after persistent operation for 350 h, providing a new path for high‐efficiency and stable perovskite platforms.

Healing the Buried Interface by a Plant-Derived Green Passivator for Carbon-Based CsPbIBr2 Perovskite Solar Cells

“…It is clear that the ET-modified PSC shows a much larger recombination resistance (R rec ), one direct evidence of the suppressed recombination owing to the reduced defects in PSCs. 54,55 Figure 4c gives the relationship between the V OC and illumination intensities. In general, the ideality factor calculated from the dependence of the quasi-Fermi level splitting on the illumination intensity of PSCs is more accurate because of the saturation of V OC at high light intensities.…”

“…Obviously, the built-in electric field ( V bi ) is significantly improved from 1.44 V for the control device to 1.55 V for the ET-treated device (Figure a), confirming that the photogenerated carriers in the perovskite films can be effectively separated and transported under the larger drive force, which agrees well with the improved V OC and efficiency. , Figure b gives the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) spectra of the devices based on ET-modified CsPbIBr 2 perovskite films. It is clear that the ET-modified PSC shows a much larger recombination resistance ( R rec ), one direct evidence of the suppressed recombination owing to the reduced defects in PSCs. , Figure c gives the relationship between the V OC and illumination intensities. In general, the ideality factor calculated from the dependence of the quasi-Fermi level splitting on the illumination intensity of PSCs is more accurate because of the saturation of V OC at high light intensities .…”

Confinement of MOF etching-induced hollow heterostructured cages in the carbon framework for efficient peroxymonosulfate activation

“…5–7 It was reported that the cobalt-based catalyst is demonstrated to be the best activator for PDS or PMS for effective pollutant degradation. 8,9 Li et al in situ synthesized lily-like Co-based nanosheets, and the degradation of phenolic substances reached 99.5% in 30 min. 10 Lin et al first used ZIF-67 as a template to prepare a Co-based catalyst, which activated PMS to degrade rhodamine B (RhB) in water, and cobalt ions could react with PMS to generate sulfate free radicals, improving the reaction efficiency.…”

Thermal Shock-Resistant Aluminum Nitride Improves Thermal Stability of Mixed Sn–Pb Perovskite Solar Cells

“…14,15 Hence, an increasing number of studies are concentrating on enhancing the thermal conductivity of perovskites to improve heat dissipation and enhance device stability. Tang et al introduced multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into perovskites, 16 as a new strategy to enhance heat dissipation by increasing the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the perovskite film. This strategy accelerated the efficient and stable heat transfer of perovskite films.…”

“…Severe nonradiative recombination will induce thermal-ization, Joule and Peltier heat, which can raise the device temperature and increase the energy loss. 16 Surface passivation is an efficient way to decrease trap state density and inhibit nonradiative recombination, which is beneficial to reducing heat accumulation and energy loss and ultimately improving the efficiency and stability of PSCs. Herein, we introduced a heat-resistant shock material, aluminum nitride (AlN), between the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer, establishing a heat transfer pathway to promptly diffuse accumulated heat within the device and thus minimizing the destructive effects of high temperatures on the internal structure of the tin−lead perovskite.…”