Accelerating Effect of Chitosan Intake on Urinary Calcium Excretion by Rats

Wada, Masahiro; Nishimura, Yoshikazu; Watanabe, Yoshito; Takita, Toshichika; Innami, Satoshi

doi:10.1271/bbb.61.1206

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This evidence implies that chitosan operates to accelerate the excretion of endogenous Ca rather than to inhibit its intestinal absorption, and as a result, causes bone loss. Our results are consistent with those of Wada et al (9), who found that whole body retention of 47 Ca by rats on a 5% chitosan diet was significantly decreased due to enhanced urinary excretion of radio labeled Ca. Chitosan induced hypercalciuria may re flect, in part, higher bone resorption.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Indeed, we obtained experimental results that urinary Ca excretion was significantly increased in female Wistar rats fed a low-P (0.1%) diet for 4 wk as com pared to that of a normal P (0.3%) diet (unpublished data). On the other hand, Wada et al (9) suggested that absorbed fermentation products of chitosan by intes tinal bacteria might stimulate Ca mobilization from the bone. Further study on the effect of dietary chitosan on Ca metabolism will be necessary in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deuchi et al discovered that decreased intestinal absorption of calcium (Ca) and bone mineral contents of femurs were induced in male rats when fed diets con taining 5% chitosan for 2 wk (8). Moreover, Wada et al, in an experiment using 47Ca, observed that there was no discriminatory difference in fecal Ca excretion in rats fed chitosan or cellulose, but a significant increase in urinary Ca excretion with chitosan intake (9). These studies suggested that dietary chitosan might influence calcium and bone metabolism through inhibiting Ca absorption and/or by accelerating its urinary excretion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of Habitual Chitosan Intake on Bone Mass, Bone-Related Metabolic Markers and Duodenum CaBP D9K mRNA in Ovariectomized SHRSP Rats.

Yang

Nakajima

et al. 2002

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryWe have demonstrated that the habitual intake of chitosan can decrease bone mass in ovariectomized (OVX) SHRSP rats fed a low-Ca diet (0.1%). In the present study, we examined both the etiology of bone loss induced by dietary chitosan and the preventive ef fect of vitamin C supplementation. Rats were OVX and maintained on one of the following diets for 6 wk: 10% cellulose (CE), 10% chitosan (CH) or 10% chitosan with sodium ascor bate (CHVC). CH caused a significant reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and stiffness in femurs and the fourth lumbar vertebrae (L4). There was no significant difference in intes tinal Ca absorption between CH and CE, whereas CH intake significantly reduced intestinal P absorption. The bone loss in CH rats was accompanied with an increase in urinary Ca ex cretion and a decrease in serum Ca as well as a significant increment in serum PTH and 1,25(OH)2D3. The vitamin D receptor and calcium binding protein D9K mRNAs were also significantly increased in the duodenum of CH rats. Vitamin C supplementation to CH caused an increase in the Ca and P contents of femurs as well as BMD of the L4, with a de crease in urinary Ca excretion. These results indicate that dietary chitosan with low Ca in take possibly induces the loss of bone mass by enhancing urinary Ca excretion rather than by inhibiting Ca absorption, and that vitamin C supplementation could prevent bone loss caused by chitosan through the increment of retained Ca followed by suppression of urinary Ca excretion. Key Words dietary chitosan, OVX rats, bone loss, serum 1,25(OH)2D3, CaBP D9K mRNA Chitosan, a polymer of glucosamine and a type of water insoluble dietary fiber, is prepared by the deacety lation of chitin, which constitutes the exoskeletons of arthropods such as crabs, shrimp, lobsters and insects (1). Chitosan has been shown to have a hypocholes terolemic effect in humans and animals (2-5), and also an inhibitory effect on intestinal fat digestion and ab sorption in rats (6). It has also been reported to be of low toxicity (7), and has come to be widely used as a food supplement to lower blood cholesterol and prevent weight gain. However, in spite of a number of nutri tional advantages, chitosan may serve as a chelator of several minerals and hence impair their bioavailabili ties. Deuchi et al. discovered that decreased intestinal absorption of calcium (Ca) and bone mineral contents of femurs were induced in male rats when fed diets con taining 5% chitosan for 2 wk (8). Moreover, Wada et al., in an experiment using 47Ca, observed that there was no discriminatory difference in fecal Ca excretion in rats fed chitosan or cellulose, but a significant increase in urinary Ca excretion with chitosan intake (9). These studies suggested that dietary chitosan might influence calcium and bone metabolism through inhibiting Ca absorption and/or by accelerating its urinary excretion.The decrease in net Ca retention as a consequence of habitual intake of chitosan with a low-Ca diet may en hance the risk of osteopenia or osteoporosi...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Habitual Chitosan Intake on Bone Mass, Bone-Related Metabolic Markers and Duodenum CaBP D9K mRNA in Ovariectomized SHRSP Rats.

Yang

Nakajima

et al. 2002

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chitosan plays a role in wound healing, drug delivery, excretion of lipids, cholesterols, heavy metals, and irradiation materials throughout intestinal tract (Ferretti et al, 2003;Tozaki et al, 1999;Deuchi et al, 1995;Maezaki et al, 1993;Wada et al, 1997;Nishimura et al, 1994). However, chitosan shows its biological activity only in acidic medium because of its poor solubility of pH above 6.5 and low absorbability of non-digestible and high molecular polysaccharide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chitooligosaccharides on calcium bioavailability and bone strength in ovariectomized rats

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…3,4 Searching for effective drugs, including therapeutic agents derived from natural materials, constitutes a significant research concern. 5,6 Chitosan, the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature, has been known as a biomaterial with a wide range of biomedical applications, [7][8][9][10][11][12] and chitosan-based nerve conduits, as a promising alternative to autologous nerve grafts, have been used for bridging large peripheral nerve defects. [13][14][15][16] The biodegradation products of chitosan are chitooligosaccharides (COSs) with low molecular weight and different polymerization degrees (ranging from 2 to 10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitooligosaccharides promote peripheral nerve regeneration in a rabbit common peroneal nerve crush injury model

Gong

et al. 2009

Microsurgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chitooligosaccharides (COSs) are the biodegradation products of chitosan that have been demonstrated with neuroaffinity and/or neuroprotective actions. In this study, we investigated the possible benefits of treatment with COSs on nerve regeneration after crush injuries to peripheral nerves. The rabbits with the crushed common peroneal nerve were treated by daily intravenous injection of 1.5 or 3 mg/kg body weight of COSs or identical volume of saline (as the control) for a 6-week period. At the end of COSs treatment, electrophysiological assessments, Meyer's trichrome and Masson trichrome staining, and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate the regeneration of injured common peroneal nerve and atrophy of the tibialis posterior muscle. The results showed that the compound muscle action potentials, the number of regenerated myelinated nerve fibers, the thickness of regenerated myelin sheaths, and the cross-sectional area of tibialis posterior muscle fibers were significantly improved in the nerves that received COSs treatment and the results with COSs treatment displayed a dose-dependent pattern. This study demonstrated that COSs accelerated peripheral nerve regeneration after crush injury to rabbit common peroneal nerves. The COSs could probably become a potential neuroprotective agent for improvement of peripheral nerve regeneration after the injury and deserve for further studies.

show abstract

Accelerating Effect of Chitosan Intake on Urinary Calcium Excretion by Rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of Habitual Chitosan Intake on Bone Mass, Bone-Related Metabolic Markers and Duodenum CaBP D9K mRNA in Ovariectomized SHRSP Rats.

Effects of Habitual Chitosan Intake on Bone Mass, Bone-Related Metabolic Markers and Duodenum CaBP D9K mRNA in Ovariectomized SHRSP Rats.

Effect of chitooligosaccharides on calcium bioavailability and bone strength in ovariectomized rats

Chitooligosaccharides promote peripheral nerve regeneration in a rabbit common peroneal nerve crush injury model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About