Accelerated versus Slow In Vitro Aging Methods and Their Impact on Universal Chromatic, Urethane-Based Composites

Ilie, Nicoleta

doi:10.3390/ma16062143

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(56 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In view of this discussion, the solutions used for accelerated aging in the present study were selected as suggested in previously published studies, namely the acidic solution with a pH of 4.0 [ 27 , 37 ], the alkaline solution with a pH of 13 [ 34 ], and 75% ethanol [ 38 ]. The most severe deterioration in macro-mechanical properties was observed for the self-cured specimens immersed in ethanol, with FS values 17.9–36.4% lower and FM values 14.7–41.0% lower than the corresponding values measured in the neutral solution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Alkasite Material with Different Curing Modes and Simulated Aging Conditions

Negovetic Mandic,

Plancak,

Marovic

et al. 2024

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to evaluate the micro-mechanical and macro-mechanical properties of self-cured and light-cured alkasite and to investigate how accelerated degradation in acidic, alkaline, and ethanol solutions affects the macro-mechanical properties of self-cured and light-cured alkasite. The specimens of the alkasite material (Cention Forte, Ivoclar Vivadent) were prepared according to the following three curing modes: (1) light-cured immediately, (2) light-cured after a 5-min delay, and (3) self-cured. Microhardness was tested before and after immersion in absolute ethanol to indirectly determine crosslink density, while flexural strength and flexural modulus were measured using a three-point bending test after accelerated aging in the following solutions: (1) lactic acid solution (pH = 4.0), (2) NaOH solution (pH = 13.0), (3) phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH = 7.4), and (4) 75% ethanol solution. The data were statistically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. The results showed that the microhardness, flexural strength, and flexural modulus were significantly lower in self-cured specimens compared to light-cured specimens. A 5-min delay between the extrusion of the material from the capsule and light curing had no significant effect on any of the measured properties. A significant effect of the accelerated aging solutions on macro-mechanical properties was observed, with ethanol and alkaline solutions having a particularly detrimental effect. In conclusion, light curing was preferable to self-curing, as it resulted in significantly better micro- and macro-mechanical properties, while a 5-min delay between mixing the capsule and light curing had no negative effects.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Alkasite Material with Different Curing Modes and Simulated Aging Conditions

Negovetic Mandic,

Plancak,

Marovic

et al. 2024

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, the specimens were immersed in distilled water. However, different storage media, such as water [58], artificial saliva [59], 75% ethanol/water [47], ethanol [60], and sodium chloride [61], have been employed in previous investigations to evaluate sorption evaluation and to simulate some conditions of the oral cavity. Several studies showed that the type of medium and storage time can affect the degree of sorption [47,58,62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Physical–Chemical Properties of Contemporary CAD/CAM Materials with Chromatic Transition “Multicolor”

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of materials for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has been rapidly increasing in daily practice. However, one of the main issues regarding modern CAD/CAM materials is their aging in the oral environment, which may lead to significant changes in their overall properties. The aim of this study was to compare the flexural strength, water sorption, cross-link density (softening ratio%), surface roughness, and SEM analysis of three modern CAD/CAM “multicolor” composites. Grandio (Grandio disc multicolor—VOCO GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany), Shofu (Shofu Block HC—Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan), and Vita (Vita Enamic multiColor—Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) were tested in this study. They were prepared in stick-shaped specimens and submitted to different tests after several aging protocols, such as thermocycling and mechanical cycle loading challenge. Further disc-shaped specimens were also created and tested for water sorption, cross-link density, surface roughness, and SEM ultramorphology, before and after storage in an ethanol-based solution. For flexural strength and ultimate tensile strength, Grandio showed the greatest values both at baseline and after aging (p < 0.05). Grandio and Vita Enamic presented the highest modulus of elasticity and the lowest water sorption (p < 0.05). A significant reduction (p < 0.05) in microhardness after ethanol storage (softening ratio%) was observed especially in Shofu. Grandio had the lowest roughness parameters compared to the other tested CAD/CAM materials, while ethanol storage significantly increased the Ra and RSm values in Shofu (p < 0.05). Despite the comparable modulus of elasticity of Vita and Grandio, this latter showed greater flexural strength and ultimate tensile strength both at baseline and after aging. Hence, Grandio and Vita Enamic may be employed for the anterior teeth and for those restorations requiring load-bearing capacity. Conversely, aging seems to affect several properties of Shofu, so its use for permanent restorations should be well-pondered based on the clinical situation.

show abstract

“…One of the tests that is performed is artificial aging, which should mimic the oral cavity conditions [10]. Two main methods of artificial aging are possible: thermocycling and the use of water or artificial saliva immersion in time [11,12]. For this reason, we decided to subject the chosen material to unfavorable conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Polishing and Artificial Aging on BioMed Amber® Resin’s Mechanical Properties

Paradowska-Stolarz

Mikulewicz

Więckiewicz

et al. 2023

JFB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Currently, 3D print is becoming more common in all branches of medicine, including dentistry. Some novel resins, such as BioMed Amber (Formlabs), are used and incorporated to more advanced techniques. The aims of the study were to check whether or not polishing and/or artificial aging influences the properties of the 3D-printed resin. A total of 240 specimens of BioMed Resin were printed. Two shapes (rectangular and dumbbell) were prepared. Of each shape, 120 specimens were divided into four groups each (with no influence, after polishing only, after artificial aging only, and after both polishing and artificial aging). Artificial aging took place in water at the temperature of 37 °C for 90 days. For testing, the universal testing machine (Z10-X700, AML Instruments, Lincoln, UK) was used. The axial compression was performed with the speed of 1mm/min. The tensile modulus was measured with the constant speed of 5 mm/min. The highest resistance to compression and tensile test were observed in the specimens that were neither polished nor aged (0.88 ± 0.03 and 2.88 ± 0.26, respectively). The lowest resistance to compression was observed in the specimens that were not polished, but aged (0.70 ± 0.02). The lowest results of the tensile test were observed when specimens were both polished and aged (2.05 ± 0.28). Both polishing and artificial aging weakened the mechanical properties of the BioMed Amber resin. The compressive modulus changed much with or without polishing. The tensile modulus differed in specimens that were either polished or aged. The application of both did not change the properties when compared to the polished or aged probes only.

show abstract

Accelerated versus Slow In Vitro Aging Methods and Their Impact on Universal Chromatic, Urethane-Based Composites

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Mechanical Properties of Alkasite Material with Different Curing Modes and Simulated Aging Conditions

Mechanical Properties of Alkasite Material with Different Curing Modes and Simulated Aging Conditions

Evaluation of Physical–Chemical Properties of Contemporary CAD/CAM Materials with Chromatic Transition “Multicolor”

The Influence of Polishing and Artificial Aging on BioMed Amber® Resin’s Mechanical Properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About