Accelerated methane storage in clathrate hydrates using mesoporous (Organo-) silica materials

Surface modification of mesostructured cellular foam to enhance hydrogen storage in binary THF/H2 clathrate hydrate

“…This methodology was previously validated and documented in the existing literature. 63,64 The analysis of the TGA-profile considered the mass loss between 423 K and 1073 K, assuming that toluene, used as a solvent and rinsing agent in the post-synthesis modification protocol, had evaporated below this temperature.…”

“…All experiments were performed in accordance with the previously reported standard procedure. 45,64,65 In summary, the reactor was thoroughly cleaned with H 2 O and dried to remove contaminants/impurities before commencing any experiment. To carry out the H 2 uptake experiments, 5.56 mol% THF solution was added to 0.5 g of the synthesized material (dried overnight at 343 K) based on 100% pore volume saturation.…”

Engineering of hollow periodic mesoporous organosilica nanorods for augmented hydrogen clathrate formation

“…All the tests were performed using a standard approach as presented in earlier publications, 71,72 here we provide a summary of the same. Prior to the starting of experiments, the reactor was thoroughly cleaned with H 2 O and dried to remove any impurities.…”

“…At any given real-time, the amount of H 2 gas consumed during hydrate formation was quantified using the compressibility factor equation of state as shown in eqn (1), the normalized gas uptake (NG t , hydrate growth) was quantified using eqn (2), the percentage of H 2 O to hydrate conversion is determined by eqn (3) and (4)where Δ n H 2 , t is the moles of H 2 gas consumed at any given time t ; V r is the reactor's gas-phase volume measured using the helium expansion method; 71,72 T and P are the temperature and pressure within the reactor; z is the compressibility of H 2 gas calculated using the Lemmon–Huber–Leachman correlation; 73 R is the ideal gas constant; n H 2 O is the moles of H 2 O introduced into the reactor; n THF is the moles of THF consumed for hydrate formation with the assumption that THF occupies only the large cages of classic sII hydrate, and Hn refers to hydration number, which is considered to be 5.67 in order to comply with other binary H 2 -THF hydrate experiments available in the literature. 74…”

Promoting Effect of Organic–Inorganic Self-Assembled Composites on Methane Hydrate

“…Although natural gas hydrates have broad application prospects, there are still many difficulties and challenges in achieving industrial applications of natural gas hydrates. The induction period and reaction time of the formation process are long, 4 and the conversion rate of water is low, 5 which needs to be further solved.…”