Accelerated infected wound healing by topical application of encapsulated Rosemary essential oil into nanostructured lipid carriers

Abstract

The pathogenic bacteria delay wound healing due to their interaction in the wound area. This study is aimed to evaluate the efficiency of topical rosemary essential oil (REO) loaded into the nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) on in vitro antibacterial activity and in vivo infected wound healing process in the animal model. REO-NLCs morphology, size and in vitro antibacterial activity were done. Two circular full-thickness wound (each 6 mm) were made on the back of each mouse and each wound was infected with a solution containing 10 7 CFU Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Animals were divided into four groups including control, Mupirocin V R and two treated groups with a gel containing REO and REO-NLCs. For this purpose, tissue bacterial count, histological assessment, serum level of IL-3, IL-10, VEGF and SDF-1a were evaluated. REO-NLCs showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, REO-NLCs could reduce the rate of tissue bacterial colonization and wound size, while they increased the vascularization, fibroblast infiltration, re-epithelialization, collagen production, IL-3, IL-10, VEGF and SDF-1a serum levels. Our finding revealed the REO-NLCs have antibacterial properties and accelerated infected wound healing, and so that confirming their potential clinical uses for the treatment of infected wounds.

Anti-biofilm and Virulence Factor-Reducing Activities of Essential Oils and Oil Components as a Possible Option for Bacterial Infection Control

“…The studies presented in this review show that nano-encapsulated EOs ideally combine the special properties of nano-carrier systems with the antibacterial activity of EOs. Thus, EO-loaded nano-carrier systems are therefore interesting antimicrobial agents to eradicate biofilms on catheters, prosthesis, and other medical devices [110] and for managing acute and chronic wounds [111].…”

Nanoencapsulation of Plant Volatile Organic Compounds to Improve Their Biological Activities

“…Lemongrass essential oil Polylactic acid nanocapsule Antibacterial [159] Origanum majorana VOCs Polycaprolactone nanocapsule Antibacterial [160] Carvacrol Chitosan nanoparticle Antibacterial [161] Carum copticum VOCs Chitosan nanoparticle Antibacterial [162] Cinnamon essential oil Nanoliposome Antibacterial [138] Tea tree essential oil Nanoliposome Antibacterial, antifungal [163] D-limonene Nanoemulsion Antibacterial [164] Cuminum cyminum VOCs Nanoemulsion Antibacterial, anticancer [156] Thyme essential oil Nanoemulsion Antibacterial [165] Carvacrol Nanoemulsion Antibacterial, antifungal [166] Cymbopogon densiflorus VOCs Nanoliposome, nanoemulsion Antibacterial, antifungal [145] Eugenia caryophyllata VOCs Solid lipid nanoparticle Antibacterial, antifungal [147] Rosmarinus officinalis VOCs Nanostructured lipid carrier Antibacterial [139] Citral Nanostructured lipid carrier Antibacterial, antifungal [140] Eucalyptus & rosemary VOCs…”

“…The researchers claimed that the boosted antibiofilm activity could be attributed to the improved stability of the plant VOCs by nanoencapsulation [138]. Rosemary essential oilloaded NLCs were reported to possess antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including S. epidermidis and reduce the rate of tissue bacterial colonisation and wound size, leading to an acceleration in healing the infected wound [139]. The antibacterial activities of NLCs and NEs carrying citral have been tested against S. aureus, B. cereus, and E. coli.…”

Encapsulation of clove oil in nanostructured lipid carriers from natural waxes: Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of the cholinesterase enzymes

“…The lipid nanoparticles are generally made by biodegradable lipids that can be solid at room and body temperature and possess several advantages like high drug loading, increased drug stability, controlled drug release, and enhanced penetration of drugs into the skin or any other target [23][24][25]. The nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loaded with essential oils can be easily incorporated in water-rich cosmetic and food formulations, expanding its range of application and improving bioactive compound shelf life as already reported by other works [26][27][28].…”