Accelerated increase in vegetation carbon sequestration in China after 2010: A turning point resulting from climate and human interaction

Chen, Yongzhe; Feng, Xiaoming; Tian, Hanqin; Wu, Xutong; Gao, Zhen; Feng, Yu; Piao, Shilong; Lv, Nan; Pan, Naiqing; Fu, Bojie

doi:10.1111/gcb.15854

Cited by 164 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…This indicated the potential synergistic effects between them. On the Loess Plateau, the positive effect of climate change and the anthropogenic effect was found, which has also been observed by Tian et al (2021) and Chen et al (2021). The main reason for this finding may be that ecological restoration improved the local environment through plant-atmospheric interactions, resulting in favorable climate conditions that enhanced the growth of restored vegetation (Zhang et al 2021).…”

Section: The Interaction Of Ecological Restoration Climate Change And...mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Compared with the work of Zhang et al (2015) and Chen et al (2021), our study promotes an understanding of the processes of intensified greening. The implementation of ecological restoration can be divided into two phases based on the implementation of the Three-North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP), which decelerated after 2000, and implementation of the Grain for Green Program (GTGP), which accelerated after 2000 (figure 7).…”

Section: Anthropogenic Effects Largely Contributed To Vegetation Gree...mentioning

confidence: 91%

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The trend shift caused by ecological restoration accelerates the vegetation greening of China’s drylands since the 1980s

Wang

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Satellite observations since the early 1980s have revealed a trend of “Earth greening” across global terrestrial ecosystems. Dryland vegetation is more sensitive to climate change and human activities. China's drylands are among the largest in extent worldwide, and large-scale ecological restoration of these areas has been implemented since the late 1970s, which has resulted in more complicated but still poorly quantified vegetation dynamics. To figure out the vegetation dynamics and associated driving forces, we provide an assessment of the vegetation dynamics from 1982-2015 using the CO2 fertilization effect function, principal component regression, Residual Trend analysis, and Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend methods based on the ERA5 climate factors and GIMMS 3.1 NDVI datasets. This study shows that anthropogenic impacts and CO2 fertilization have jointly led to vegetation greening in China’s drylands since the 1980s, and ecological restoration has accelerated this greening since the 2000s. The results show that the vegetation greening in China’s drylands (41.51% of the study area, +0.60×10-3/yr) is mainly driven by CO2 fertilization (+0.55×10-3/yr) and anthropogenic activities (+0.12×10-3/yr). The anthropogenic effects are especially higher on the Loess Plateau (+1.01×10-3/yr) and the Three-North region (+0.23×10-3/yr). The vegetation dynamics shifts in 6.73% (31.64 Mha) of China’s drylands were directly attributed to anthropogenic impacts around the 2000s. When the anthropogenic effect was intensified, the vegetation dynamics shifted from no change to greening and vice versa, which significantly intensified the vegetation greening since the 1980s. These results capture the processes of ecological programs and provide an assessment of the effects of ecological restoration. This work provides a credible attribution of the vegetation greenness dynamics and trend shifts in China’s drylands, thus facilitating a better understanding of regional environmental change and management.

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Section: The Interaction Of Ecological Restoration Climate Change And...mentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Anthropogenic Effects Largely Contributed To Vegetation Gree...mentioning

confidence: 91%

The trend shift caused by ecological restoration accelerates the vegetation greening of China’s drylands since the 1980s

Wang

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Climate change and anthropogenic activities are widely considered the main factors affecting vegetation growth [1]. However, the relative contributions of regional climate change and local human activities to vegetation change are under debate [2]. Moreover, within the non-climatic impact, detailed human activities, particularly government policy adjustments, are less investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation and Anthropogenic Activities Jointly Green the China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor

Zhang

2022

Remote Sensing

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Climate change and anthropogenic activities are widely considered the main factors affecting vegetation growth. However, their relative contributions are under debate. Within the non-climatic impact, detailed human activities, particularly government policy adjustments, are less investigated. In this study, we develop a fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) extraction method based on MODIS-EVI satellite data to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of vegetation and its attributions in the China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor (CMREC). The average FVC has improved, with a general increase of 0.02/10a from 2000 to 2020. We construct a driving factor identification system for FVC change, based on partial and multiple correlation coefficients, and we divide the driving forces of FVC changes into seven climate-driven types and one non-climate-driven type. The results reveal that FVC changes caused by climatic factors account for 28.2% of CMREC. The most prominent greening (19.5%) is precipitation-driven, and is extensively distributed in Khentii Aimag, Mongolia; southeast Inner Mongolia; west Jilin Province; and southwest Heilongjiang Province, China. Moreover, we quantify the relative contribution of climatic and non-climatic factors to significant FVC change using the first-difference multivariate regression method. The results indicate that the effects of non-climatic factors on vegetation change outweigh those of climatic factors in most areas. According to the land cover change and regional policy adjustment, anthropogenic activities such as afforestation, reclamation, and planting structure adjustment explain most vegetation improvement in the Northeast Plain; eastern Inner Mongolia; and the Hetao Irrigation District, China. Meanwhile, both vegetation improvement and degradation disperse concurrently in the Mongolian and Russian parts of CMREC, where climate change and anthropogenic activities positively and negatively affect vegetation change, respectively. Despite the greening in most CMREC, it must be noted that human-induced greening is unsustainable to some degree. The overdevelopment of black soil area and sandy land, adverse effects of afforestation projects, and natural hazards related to weather and climate extremes altogether threaten the local ecological security in the long run. Therefore, governments should develop new desertification countermeasures in accordance with the laws of nature, and enhance international cooperation to guarantee the ecological safety of CMREC.

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“…Increased BNPP with year in the control plots and the accelerated temporal trend by increased precipitation but not by increased precipitation plus N addition could partly explain the lower precipitation effect on the temporal variation of soil respiration under the N enrichment. -Teixeira et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2021;Miller et al, 2016;Seddon et al, 2016) that were substantially expanded in recent decades due to the increasing frequency of both natural and anthropogenic disturbances (Campbell et al, 2008;Hellerstein, 2017;Hurtt et al, 2011;Isbell et al, 2019). The…”

Section: Increased Precipitation and Nitrogen Addition Accelerate Tem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased precipitation and nitrogen addition accelerate the temporal increase in soil respiration during 8‐year old‐field grassland succession

Zhang

Song

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Ecological succession after disturbance plays a vital role in influencing ecosystem structure and functioning. However, how global change factors regulate ecosystem carbon (C) cycling in successional plant communities remains largely elusive. As part of an 8‐year (2012–2019) manipulative experiment, this study was designed to examine the responses of soil respiration and its heterotrophic component to simulated increases in precipitation and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition in an old‐field grassland undergoing secondary succession. Over the 8‐year experimental period, increased precipitation stimulated soil respiration by 11.6%, but did not affect soil heterotrophic respiration. Nitrogen addition increased both soil respiration (5.1%) and heterotrophic respiration (6.2%). Soil respiration and heterotrophic respiration linearly increased with time in the control plots, resulting from changes in soil moisture and shifts of plant community composition from grass–forb codominance to grass dominance in this old‐field grassland. Compared to the control, increased precipitation significantly strengthened the temporal increase in soil respiration through stimulating belowground net primary productivity. By contrast, N addition accelerated temporal increases in both soil respiration and its heterotrophic component by driving plant community shifts and thus stimulating soil organic C. Our findings indicate that increases in water and N availabilities may accelerate soil C release during old‐field grassland succession and reduce their potential positive impacts on soil C accumulation under future climate change scenarios.

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Accelerated increase in vegetation carbon sequestration in China after 2010: A turning point resulting from climate and human interaction

Cited by 164 publications

References 111 publications

The trend shift caused by ecological restoration accelerates the vegetation greening of China’s drylands since the 1980s

The trend shift caused by ecological restoration accelerates the vegetation greening of China’s drylands since the 1980s

Precipitation and Anthropogenic Activities Jointly Green the China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor

Increased precipitation and nitrogen addition accelerate the temporal increase in soil respiration during 8‐year old‐field grassland succession

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