Accelerated hydrothermal aging of epoxy resin based syntactic foams with polymeric microspheres

Roggendorf, Christoph; Schnettler, Armin

doi:10.1109/tdei.2012.6215102

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The typical Fickian diffusion model indicates that the square root of the water diffusion coefficient increases with increasing temperatures. Therefore, under high‐temperature conditions (100°C), the water absorption of both samples increases [39]. However, the water absorption of BFRP is much greater than that of GFRP under high‐temperature conditions because the weaker interface bonding of BFRP is more readily degenerated by hydrothermal effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feasibility of continuous basalt fibre‐reinforced polymer application to composite cross‐arms

et al. 2022

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Composite cross‐arms have the advantages of high lightning resistance but impose onerous requirements on mechanical and insulation reliability. Traditional glass fibre composites fail to meet the needs of practical applications. Basalt fibre exhibits better mechanical properties and stability than glass fibre and has potential application value. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of its application to composite cross‐arms. The mechanical, electrical, and physical properties of basalt fibre‐reinforced polymer (BFRP) were investigated and compared with glass fibre‐reinforced polymer (GFRP). The results indicate that BFRP has better thermal stability and mechanical properties than GFRP. Among them, the temperature at the maximum weight loss rate of BFRP is 14°C higher than that of GFRP, and the tensile and flexural modulus of BFRP is 43% and 29% higher than those of GFRP. Furthermore, the dielectric losses of BFRP and GFRP at 50 Hz are 2%, and the breakdown field strength is 22 kV/mm, both of which have the same insulation properties. BFRP meets the requirements of composite cross‐arm for quality and reliability to ensure the safety and stability of transmission lines. However, the interlaminar shear test and SEM show weak interfacial bonding strength between basalt fibre and resin. Furthermore, micro‐computed tomography scanning of BFRP and GFRP and 3D construction of their internal microstructures indicate that the pore defect content of BFRP reaches 0.034%, which far exceeds that of GFRP. These findings show that the wettability and adhesion between basalt fibre and resin must be improved. Developing special sizing agents for basalt fibre is necessary further to improve the mechanical and electrical properties of BFRP.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feasibility of continuous basalt fibre‐reinforced polymer application to composite cross‐arms

et al. 2022

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“…A water-diffusion test can detect the hydrolysis-resistance [8] and the hidden defects inside [16,17] the materials. The hydrolysis-resistance of syntactic foams applied to a composite cross-arm must meet stringent requirements.…”

Section: Water-diffusion Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical and Hydrolysis-resistance Properties of Silicone-Modified Resin/Microsphere Syntactic Foam for Composite Cross-arms Insulation Application

Liu

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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Herein, a type of syntactic foam, consisting of silicone-modified resin and hollow polymer microspheres, is developed and tested for the application of a composite crossarm. The physical properties, electrical properties, and hydrolysis-resistance are tested and analyzed. Suitable microspheres can reduce the density of the syntactic foam to 46.63% of the resin. The dielectric strength of the syntactic foam decreases from 37.9 to 26.1 kV/mm with increasing microsphere content, which is still much higher than the operational requirement of 3 kV/mm. The water-absorption rate (<0.36% after 720 h) and leakage current (<24.17 μA after boiling for 300 h) show that the syntactic foams have excellent penetration resistance and hydrolysis-resistance. In summary, the syntactic foam can be used as the internal insulation material for composite cross-arms and applied to the electrical insulation field.

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“…However, some of the studies still need to be conducted before its recommendation for harsh environments. For example, as with other polymeric insulation, detailed performance analyses for high temperature/water environments are of utmost importance [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation Performance Investigation of Hydrothermally Stressed Epoxy Micro and Nanocomposites for High Voltage Insulation

et al. 2022

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Epoxy resins have demonstrated remarkable properties with potential for usage as high voltage insulators. However, a loss of these properties has been observed in high temperature and humid environments. In order to enhance the hydrothermal stability of epoxy resins, micro (15% SiO2) and nano (5% SiO2) silica-based composites of epoxy were fabricated and subjected to standard long term and short term accelerated hydrothermal conditions. To analyze the effect of these stresses, the samples were analyzed periodically through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for structure analysis; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface analysis of long-term aged samples; and optical microscopy for the surface topography of short-term aged samples. The Swedish Transmission Research Institute (STRI) classification and contact angle measurement techniques were used for hydrophobicity analysis of long-term and short-term aged samples, respectively. After aging in both conditions, the nanocomposite showed better results as compared to the other samples. After 1000 h of aging, it showed HC-5 class of hydrophobicity, whereas EMC and NE degraded to the HC-6. In case of short-term aging, the contact angle decreased to the 64.15° and 75.05° from 104.15° and 114.9° for ENC and EMC, respectively. Also, in terms of structural degradation, ENC showed the highest structural stability after 1000 h of aging with the highest stable peak of aromatic ether at 1300–1500 cm−1. Microscopic observation through scanning electron and optical techniques also revealed superior performance of the nanocomposites.

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Accelerated hydrothermal aging of epoxy resin based syntactic foams with polymeric microspheres

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

The feasibility of continuous basalt fibre‐reinforced polymer application to composite cross‐arms

The feasibility of continuous basalt fibre‐reinforced polymer application to composite cross‐arms

Electrical and Hydrolysis-resistance Properties of Silicone-Modified Resin/Microsphere Syntactic Foam for Composite Cross-arms Insulation Application

Degradation Performance Investigation of Hydrothermally Stressed Epoxy Micro and Nanocomposites for High Voltage Insulation

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