Accelerated crystallization of colloidal glass by mechanical oscillation

Nakamura, Nobutomo; Inayama, Kyosuke; Okuno, Tasuku; Ogi, Hirotsugu; Hirao, Masahiko

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01484-y

“…The measurement system that was developed in our previous study 19 was used. We used a colloidal suspension consisting of a mixture of water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with fluorescein sodium salt (FSS) and silica particles of 1.5 μ m diameter with polydispersity index less than 0.2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To quantify the degree of crystallization, the 2D local bond orientational order parameter ψ 6 i 19,20 was calculated for each particle. When the neighboring particles of a particle i show six-fold symmetry, ψ 6 i of the particle becomes unity, and it becomes smaller as the structure becomes random.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model indicates that the crystallization occurs when the applied frequency becomes larger than a specific frequency with constant amplitude. In contrast, in a colloidal glass, crystallization was accelerated by oscillations around 70 Hz; below and above the frequency, crystallization hardly occurred 19 . The crystallization frequency increased by increasing the inter-particle attractive force, and it implies that there are specific particle motions contributing to crystallization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Therefore, crystallization is accelerated by activating the nucleation and/or nuclei growth. In the previous study 19 , structural evolution after applying 5-s oscillations was observed. In the measurement, the crystallization progressed quickly, and a large part of the colloidal glass was crystalized after the 5-s oscillation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The effect of applying mechanical oscillations on colloidal systems has been studied 15–17 , and the relationship between the oscillation frequency and crystallization was investigated 18,19 . When oscillatory shears were applied in colloidal gels at 1, 10, and 70 Hz, the strain amplitude required for yielding/crystallization decreased with increasing oscillation frequency 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical oscillation accelerating nucleation and nuclei growth in hard-sphere colloidal glass

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³

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Crystallization from amorphous solids is generally caused by activating phonons in a wide frequency range during heat treatment. In contrast, the activation of phonons in a narrow frequency range using ultrasonic treatment also causes crystallization below the glass transition temperature. These behaviors indicate that crystallization is related to the atomic motion in the glass state, and it is suggested that the activation of specific atomic motion can cause crystallization without increasing temperature. In this study, we observe nucleation and nuclei growth caused by mechanical oscillation in a hard-sphere colloidal glass and evaluate the effect of mechanical oscillation on the structural evolution in the early stage of the crystallization. Oscillation between 5 and 100 Hz is applied to the colloidal glass, and it is observed that the nucleation rate increases under the 70 Hz oscillation, resulting in formation of stable nuclei in a short amount of time. The nuclei growth is also accelerated by the 70 Hz oscillation, whereas increases in the nucleation rate and nuclei growth were not observed at other frequencies. Finally, activation of the diffusion-based rattling of particles by caging is considered as a possible mechanism of the observations.

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In recent years ratchet mechanisms have transformed the understanding and design of stochastic molecular systems—biological, chemical and physical—in a move away from the mechanical macroscopic analogies that dominated thinking regarding molecular dynamics in the 1990s and early 2000s (e.g. pistons, springs, etc), to the more scale‐relevant concepts that underpin out‐of‐equilibrium research in the molecular sciences today. Ratcheting has established molecular nanotechnology as a research frontier for energy transduction and metabolism, and has enabled the reverse engineering of biomolecular machinery, delivering insights into how molecules ‘walk’ and track‐based synthesizers operate, how the acceleration of chemical reactions enables energy to be transduced by catalysts, and how dynamic (supra)molecular systems can be driven away from equilibrium. The recognition of molecular ratchet mechanisms in biology, and their invention in synthetic systems, is proving significant in areas as diverse as supramolecular chemistry, systems chemistry, dynamic covalent chemistry, DNA nanotechnology, polymer and materials science, molecular biology, heterogeneous catalysis, endergonic synthesis, and many other branches of chemical science. Put simply, ratchet mechanisms give chemistry direction. Kinetic asymmetry, quantified by the outcome of ratcheting, is the dynamic counterpart of structural asymmetry (i.e. chirality). Given the ubiquity of ratchet mechanisms, it is surely just as fundamentally important.

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Accelerated crystallization of colloidal glass by mechanical oscillation

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Mechanical oscillation accelerating nucleation and nuclei growth in hard-sphere colloidal glass

Mechanical oscillation accelerating nucleation and nuclei growth in hard-sphere colloidal glass

Molecular Ratchets and Kinetic Asymmetry: Giving Chemistry Direction

Molecular Ratchets and Kinetic Asymmetry: Giving Chemistry Direction

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