Accelerated atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress in end-stage renal disease

Mathur, Surekha; Devaraj, Sridevi; Jialal, Ishwarlal

doi:10.1097/00041552-200203000-00003

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Studies from other laboratories [80][81][82][83] and our laboratories 48 -50,84 -86 ( Figure 3) have consistently demonstrated the role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in experimental and clinical renal injury. This mechanism appears to be involved in every phase of atherosclerosis, from endothelial dysfunction to plaque formation and rupture.…”

Section: Oxidative Stresssupporting

confidence: 65%

Kidney in Early Atherosclerosis

2005

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Abstract-Atherosclerosis represents one of the major causes of premature death in the United States today, and it is frequently associated with, exacerbates, and is aggravated by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Atherosclerosis integrates the response to a number of insults, and consequently, the accelerated atherosclerosis found in CKD patients is associated with activation of a variety of humoral and tissue mechanisms. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and additional nontraditional risk factors can damage the kidney directly and by promoting intrarenal atherogenesis, even in the absence of obstructive lesions in the renal artery. Evidence indicates that increased oxidative stress and inflammation may mediate a large part of the effects of risk factors on the kidney. In turn, progressive deterioration of renal function in CKD may lead to dyslipidemia or accumulation of uremic toxins, which can induce production of free radicals and activate proinflammatory and fibrogenic factors, leading to vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and injury, and favoring development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the kidney can be a villain or a victim during atherogenesis.

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Section: Oxidative Stresssupporting

confidence: 65%

Kidney in Early Atherosclerosis

2005

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“…There are traditional and nontraditional risk factors that contribute to the high incidence of CAD in this population (5). Multiple atherosclerotic risk factors recognized as "traditional" risk factors for ischemic heart disease exist in dialysis patients.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Coronary Artery Disease Among Dialysis Patimentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Dyslipidemia in End-Stage Renal Disease

Prichard

2003

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Abstract. Heart disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with renal failure. Premature atherosclerotic coronary heart disease is driven by multiple risk factors, including dyslipidemia and oxidative stress. In the nondialysis population, there is overwhelming evidence that treatment of dyslipidemia can significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes. Accumulating data indicate that dialysis patients have atherogenic lipid abnormalities. Although LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in patients who undergo hemodialysis are normal or near normal, increased oxidized LDL-C, triglycerides, and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)]; decreased HDL cholesterol (HDL-C); and triglyceride-rich VLDL have been noted. Patients who receive peritoneal dialysis have a more atherogenic lipid profile with increased LDL-C, apolipoprotein B, oxidized LDL-C, triglycerides, and Lp(a) and decreased HDL-C. Furthermore, the LDL particles of peritoneal dialysis patients are small and dense. However, there is a dearth of information regarding the goals, efficacy, and safety of dyslipidemia treatment among dialysis patients. Given the strong evidence of risk reduction and the benefits of lipid-lowering treatment in the nondialysis population, the emerging consensus is that dialysis patients should be treated aggressively for dyslipidemia to an LDL-C goal below 100 mg/dl. Although physicians and patients may be reluctant to add medications because of concerns about polypharmacy, potential decreased compliance, and increased cost, the use of agents such as sevelamer that can serve multiple functions, including phosphate control, lipid lowering (decreased LDL-C and total cholesterol), and anti-inflammatory effects (decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), should be explored and considered for patients who would benefit from such treatment.

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“…Biomarkers of OS are increasingly being evaluated in experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including atherosclerosis (Olinski et al 2002), cancer (Olinski et al 2002), diabetes (Dandona 2002), respiratory disease (Paredi et al 2002) and others (Multhaup & Masters 1999, Mathur et al 2002, Soory 2002, Spector 2000, Agar & Durham 2003, Basu 2003, Dawson & Dawson 2003, Kruidenier et al 2003, including conditions associated with premature birth (Matsubasa et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical and biological variation of biomarkers of oxidative stress during the menstrual cycle

et al. 2008

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Little information is available on the intra-individual variability of oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy individuals and even less in the context of the menstrual cycle. The objective of this study was to characterize the analytical and biological variability of a panel of 21 markers of oxidative damage, antioxidant defence and micronutrients in nine healthy, regularly menstruating women aged 18-44 years. Analyses included measurement of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant vitamins. Blood specimens were collected, processed and stored using standardized procedures on days 2, 7, 12, 13, 14, 18, 22 and 28 in one cycle for each subject. Replicate analyses of markers were performed and two-way nested random effects ANOVA was used to describe analytical, intra-individual and inter-individual variability. No statistically significant differences at α = 0.05, or temporal effects across the menstrual cycle were observed. Analytical variability was the smallest component of variance for all variables. The ICC among replicates ranged from 0.80 to 0.98. Imprecision based on quality control materials ranged from 1 to 11%. The critical differences between serial results varied greatly between assays ranging from 6 to 216% of the mean level. These results provide important initial information on the variability of biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant defence and micronutrients across the menstrual cycle.

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Accelerated atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress in end-stage renal disease

Cited by 47 publications

References 85 publications

Kidney in Early Atherosclerosis

Kidney in Early Atherosclerosis

Impact of Dyslipidemia in End-Stage Renal Disease

Analytical and biological variation of biomarkers of oxidative stress during the menstrual cycle

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