Accelerated aerobic degradation of ?-hexachlorocyclohexane in suspensions of flooded and non-flooded soils pretreated with hexachlorocyclohexane

Bhuyan, Sasmita; Sahu, Suprava; Adhya, T. K.; Sethunathan, N.

doi:10.1007/bf00336044

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In another study, c-HCH degraded more quickly in flooded soils that had lower negative redox potentials than in those with higher negative or positive potentials (Siddaramappa & Sethunathan 1975). Evidence of aerobic c-HCH degradation in flooded soil samples was reported by Bhuyan et al (1992). Yule et al (1967) described c-HCH degradation under oxic conditions.…”

Section: Physical Properties and Persistence Of Hchsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The majority of remaining sources have cited typical application rates of Lindane, from the 1960s to present, that range from 1 to 6 kg ha )1 , or 1 to 15 mg kg )1 soil (Bharati et al 1998;Bintein & Devillers 1996;Doelman et al 1990;MacRae et al 1967;Martinez-Toledo et al 1993;Waliszewski 1993). Research on the effects of these typical application rates have included studies where c-HCH was applied in a single dose, or in repeated applications such as the 1 kg ha )1 Lindane applied every 15 days to flooded and nonflooded soils by Bhuyan et al (1992). In general, these application rates have not been found to significantly affect total numbers of soil microorganisms (Bollen et al 1954;El Beit et al 1981;Martinez-Toledo et al 1993).…”

Section: Hch Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, oxic conditions may exist at the water-air interface, and in certain saturated or nearly saturated soils (Siddaramappa & Sethunathan 1975), therefore confirmation of the soil redox potential is necessary to conclusively state that HCH biodegradation is an anaerobic process occurring under anoxic conditions. Definitive assessment of the redox potential during a bioremediation study involving soil or soil slurries is important since it is known that certain HCHs (a-and c-isomers) are also biodegraded aerobically in soil and soil slurries in microcosms (Bachmann et al 1988a,b;Bhuyan et al 1992;Francis et al 1975;MacRae et al 1984;Wada et al 1989), field plots of soil (Doelman et al 1990), and in pure cultures (Johri et al 1998). In a field study by Doelman et al (1990), a-HCH was degraded under oxic conditions in small plots of either moist soil or soil slurries.…”

Section: Physical Properties and Persistence Of Hchsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms

Seech²,

et al. 2005

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The organochlorine pesticide Lindane is the gamma-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Technical grade Lindane contains a mixture of HCH isomers which include not only gamma-HCH, but also large amounts of predominantly alpha-, beta- and delta-HCH. The physical properties and persistence of each isomer differ because of the different chlorine atom orientations on each molecule (axial or equatorial). However, all four isomers are considered toxic and recalcitrant worldwide pollutants. Biodegradation of HCH has been studied in soil, slurry and culture media but very little information exists on in situ bioremediation of the different isomers including Lindane itself, at full scale. Several soil microorganisms capable of degrading, and utilizing HCH as a carbon source, have been reported. In selected bacterial strains, the genes encoding the enzymes involved in the initial degradation of Lindane have been cloned, sequenced, expressed and the gene products characterized. HCH is biodegradable under both oxic and anoxic conditions, although mineralization is generally observed only in oxic systems. As is found for most organic compounds, HCH degradation in soil occurs at moderate temperatures and at near neutral pH. HCH biodegradation in soil has been reported at both low and high (saturated) moisture contents. Soil texture and organic matter appear to influence degradation presumably by sorption mechanisms and impact on moisture retention, bacterial growth and pH. Most studies report on the biodegradation of relatively low (< 500 mg/kg) concentrations of HCH in soil. Information on the effects of inorganic nutrients, organic carbon sources or other soil amendments is scattered and inconclusive. More in-depth assessments of amendment effects and evaluation of bioremediation protocols, on a large scale, using soil with high HCH concentrations, are needed.

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Section: Physical Properties and Persistence Of Hchsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Hch Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Physical Properties and Persistence Of Hchsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms

Seech²,

et al. 2005

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“…HCH isomers have been found to persist in some environments for more than 15 years (Voerman & Besemer, 1970). Nevertheless, lindane biodegradation has been observed in both anaerobic and aerobic ecosystems (Bhuyan et al, 1992;Jagnow et al, 1977;Wada & Peel, 1989). Few bacterial isolates have been described as able to mineralize this compound.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rhodanobacter lindaniclasticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a lindane-degrading bacterium

Nalin

Simonet

Vogel³

et al. 1999

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

143

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Lindane-degrading activity under aerobic conditions has been observed in two bacterial strains : UT26, phenotypically identified as Sphingomonas paucimobilis, and a new single unidentified isolate named RP5557T. The rrs (165 rDNA) sequences for both strains and the phenotypic characteristics for the unidentified isolate RP5557T were determined. RP5557T does not have high identity (less than 90% in all cases) with any sequence in the GenBank or RDP databases. A phylogenetic analysis based on rrs sequences indicated that RP5557T belongs to the y-Proteobacteria in a coherent phylum that includes the genera Xanthomonas and Xy/e//a (1 00 O/ O bootstrap), whereas UT26 is clearly separate from the Xanthomonas cluster. Based on the phylogenetic analyses and on the phenotypic characteristics, a new genus, Rhodanobacter, containing a single species, Rhodanobacter lindaniclasticus, is proposed for strain RP5557T (= LMG 183853, which becomes the type strain.

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“…(13,17,23). ␥-HCH was also recently shown to be degraded in aerobic soils (5,22), which provided the source for microorganisms capable of at least partial lindane degradation and in some cases its use as the sole source of carbon and energy (24,28,31). Earlier, two microorganisms classified as Pseudomonas sp.…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of a novel gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane-degrading bacterium

et al. 1996

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The natural biotic capacity of soils to degrade ␥-hexachlorocyclohexane (␥-HCH, lindane) was estimated using an enrichment technique based on the ability of soil bacteria to develop on synthetic media and degrade the xenobiotic compound, used as the sole source of carbon and energy. Bacterial inocula from relatively highly contaminated soils (from wood treatment factories) were found to promote efficiently the degradation of ␥-HCH, which subsequently permitted isolation of a competent ␥-HCH-degrading microorganism. The decrease of ␥-HCH concurrently with the release of chloride ions and the production of CO 2 demonstrated the complete mineralization of ␥-HCH mediated by the isolate. This was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses showing that degradation subproducts of ␥-HCH included an unidentified tetrachlorinated compound and subsequently 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and 2,5-dichlorophenol. The two linA-and linB-like genes coding, respectively, for a ␥-HCH dehydrochlorinase and a dehalogenase were characterized by using a PCR strategy based on sequence homologies with previously published sequences from Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the linA-like region revealed the presence of a 472-bp open reading frame exhibiting high homology with the linA gene from S. paucimobilis, while a preliminary study also indicated strong homology among the two linB genes. All enzymes involved in the ␥-HCH degradative pathway appear to be extracellular and encoded by genes located on the chromosome, although numerous cryptic plasmids have been detected.

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Accelerated aerobic degradation of ?-hexachlorocyclohexane in suspensions of flooded and non-flooded soils pretreated with hexachlorocyclohexane

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms

Biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms

Rhodanobacter lindaniclasticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a lindane-degrading bacterium

Isolation and characterization of a novel gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane-degrading bacterium

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