Acaricidal properties of ylang-ylang oil and star anise oil against nymphs of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Abstract

Ylang-ylang oil (YYO) from Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson and star anise oil (SAO) from Illicium verum Hook.f. were tested at four concentrations 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 µl/cm 2. Mortality rates were obtained by counting dead nymphs at 30-min intervals during the first 5 h after the start of exposure and then at 24, 48 and 72 h. Mortality increased with increasing oil concentration and time of exposure. The two highest concentrations of YYO (0.2, 0.4 µl/cm 2) gave maximum lethal concentrations (LC) of 50 and 95% mortality after 4.5 h exposure. Mortality of 95% was obtained after 24 h with the next highest dose (0.1 µl/cm 2), whereas LC 95 required 3 days with the lowest YYO (0.05 µl/cm 2). The lethal effect time (LT) was correlated with the duration of exposure, with a significant effect at 0.4 μl YYO/cm 2 after 3 h' (LT 50 = 3.2 h, LT 95 = 4.3 h). In contrast, only the highest concentration of SAO, 0.4 µl SAO/cm 2 , showed increasing mortality with time of exposure. This reached LT 50 after 10 h and LT 95 after 24 h. However, with the lower concentration (0.2 µl/ cm 2) 50% mortality was reached after 24 h and 100% at 72 h. At to the lowest concentration of SAO (0.1 µl/cm 2), 67% mortality after 48 h. The study indicates that YYO and SAO exhibit strong acaricidal properties against nymphs of I. ricinus and suggest that both YYO and SAO should be evaluated as potentially useful in the control of ticks.

Efficacy and residual effect of Illicium verum (star anise) and Pelargonium graveolens (rose geranium) essential oil on cat fleas Ctenocephalides felis felis

“…Its essential oil has insecticidal activity for larvae (LC 50 = 39.8 µg.mL -1 ) and adults (LC 50 = 10.3 µg.mg.female -1 ) of Aedes aegypti (Gomes da Rocha Voris et al, 2018) and against the insect of importance for grain storage Tribolium confusum (LC 50 = 552 µl.L -1 ) (Popović et al, 2019). Acaricide activity has also been described for environmental mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (LC 50 = 0.032 µg.cm -2 ) (Nilprapat et al, 2017) and tick nymph Ixodes ricinus (LC 50 = 0.2 µl.cm -2 ) (Elmhalli et al, 2018). Added to the results obtained in this study, star anise essential oil demonstrates to be able to act against different classes of arthropods, hematophagous or not, making it promising for the development of an ectoparasiticidal formulation.…”

Biological Activity and Phytochemical Characteristics of Star Anise (Illicium verum) Essential Oil and Its Anti-Salmonella Activity on Sous Vide Pumpkin Model

“…As reported by Gomes da Rocha Voris et al [78] and Popović et al [79], the EO derived from this plant demonstrates insecticidal effects against Aedes aegypti larvae and adults, as well as against the insect Tribolium confusum, thereby contributing to the preservation of grains. The environmental mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus [80] and the tick nymph Ixodes ricinus [81] have also been reported to have acaricide activity. In addition to the findings of this investigation, star anise essential oil shows promise in the fight against H. axyridis.…”

Emerging Biopharmaceuticals from Pimpinella Genus

“…In addition to the management of crop pests, P. anisum oil had an excellent performance on larval elimination and cutting-off transmission against pests spreading epidemic diseases. Numerous studies have provided convictive evidence of larval killing and oviposition deterrent activities of P. anisum on pestiferous pests, the vector of dengue, human African trypanosomiasis, and filariasis [ 48 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 ]. A. T. Showler et al further demonstrated p -anisaldehyde was a botanical ingredient inhibiting the reproduction of pests [ 139 , 140 ].…”