“…Scholars (e.g. Rolfe, 2003;Rowley, Lujan and Dolence, 1997;Shattock, 2000;de Zilwa, 2010) have explained this development by reference to external factors, such as reduced public funding, the pressures for internationalisation, newly available teaching and other technologies, increased accountability to stakeholders, and the widespread use of rankings. In the context of Finnish universities, from where the empirical material of this article originates, the adaptation of strategic management is strongly associated with the latest phase of national university reform, namely the legislative change that addresses a clear shift of decision making authority from the state to the universities (Tirronen, 2014).…”