Academic performance: A longitudinal study on the role of goal-directed rumination and psychological distress

Krys, Sabrina; Otte, Kai‐Philip; Knipfer, Kristin

doi:10.1080/10615806.2020.1763141

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Therefore, the scores are ranging between 8 and 40 and; again, the higher the scores the higher the individual level of rumination. The internal consistency for the original sample lies between α = 0.91 and α = 0.94 (Krys et al., 2018) and for the present sample α = 0.92.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…For athletes under the age of 18, we obtained additional consent from the legally authorized representatives. The participants completed the action orientation subsequent to failure scale (HOM, Beckmann and Wenhold, 2009), the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ; Ehring et al., 2011), the Rumination scale from the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ; König, 2012) and a competition-related rumination scale (KSR-WK; modified from Krys et al., 2018). In addition to these, the participants filled out biographical and sports-related questions as well as other questionnaires, which were unrelated to the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used a questionnaire from Krys et al. (2018) for measuring the handling with difficulties in the context of a competition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original questionnaire was developed in the way that the problem-related context is changeable. Therefore, we modified the items (Krys et al., 2018) to competition-related problems (KSR-WK); e.g., “I can’t stop thinking about competition-related problems.” Athletes respond on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from “1” (does not apply at all) to “5” (fully applies).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we focus on the first subscale (HOM), which describes the capability to suppress failures and refocus on the following task immediately. With regard to rumination, we applied rumination questionnaires from three different contexts: clinically relevant rumination (RRQ, König, 2012), rumination in general (PTQ, Ehring et al., 2011), and competition-related rumination (modified from Krys et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taking Action or Thinking About It? State Orientation and Rumination Are Correlated in Athletes

Kröhler

Berti

2019

Front. Psychol.

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Athletic performance in competitive sports relies heavily on the ability to cope effectively with stressful situations. In contrast, some athletes report that their thoughts revolve around the future or past and not around the actual demands during competitions. In those specific stressful situations, the lack of focus like an unintended fixation on repetitive cognitions can have fatal consequences with regard to the performance. Especially when competitors are close in their athletic capabilities, differences in effectively coping with stress and mental stability may decide about winning and losing. One established factor of performing effectively under pressure is the individual tendency to either focus on taking action (i.e., action orientation) or on focusing on the own emotions (i.e., state orientation). It is widely acknowledged that state-oriented athletes have disadvantages in performing under stress. Moreover, the action control theory claims that state orientation is related to ruminative cognitions, which itself is assumed to impair performance in the long term. We tested this hypothesis in 157 competitive athletes from different sports (including individual and team sports). Regression analysis demonstrates a substantial correlation of failure-related action orientation (i.e., state orientation) with different measures of rumination (including general, clinically relevant, and competition-related rumination). In addition, general (i.e., content independent) rumination also correlated substantially with a rumination scale adapted specifically to sports-related competition. These results suggest (1) that a sports and competition-related ruminative mechanism exists and (2) that ruminative cognitions are related to the cognitive basis of state orientation. While our study does not allow for a causal interpretation, it provides an additional approach to investigate mental factors underlying inter-individual differences in athletic performance under stress and pressure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used a questionnaire from Krys et al. (2018) for measuring the handling with difficulties in the context of a competition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taking Action or Thinking About It? State Orientation and Rumination Are Correlated in Athletes

Kröhler

Berti

2019

Front. Psychol.

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Rumination, automatic thoughts, dysfunctional attitudes, and thought suppression as transdiagnostic factors in depression and anxiety

Yapan

Boysan

2020

Curr Psychol

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High comorbidity of anxiety and depression poses challenges to research and treatment in clinical settings. The current study was set out to investigate whether respondents can be separated into discrete depressive and anxious subgroups or reveal a continuous distribution throughout the population based on the symptoms of depression and anxiety. In addition, we also explored the role of rumination, automatic thoughts, dysfunctional attitudes, and thought suppression as transdiagnostic factors. Psychometric instruments including Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale-Revised (DAS-R), Ruminative Response Scale -Short Form (RRS-SF), and White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI) were completed by 310 undergraduates. Item responses to the BDI and BAI were subjected to latent class analysis (LCA). The LCA showed that three homogenous subgroups exist: normal, subclinical, and psychopathology latent classes. Findings supported the dimensional model rather than the categorical distinction between anxiety and depression. Strong covariances between anxious and depressive symptoms across latent subgroups were observed. Having controlled for age and gender, automatic thoughts, dysfunctional thinking, rumination, and thought suppression were all found significant transdiagnostic factors. Anxiety and depression, as frequently co-occurring clinical conditions, can be best understood in a continuum rather than taxonomic classifications. Individuals more prone to use maladaptive cognitive emotional regulation strategies seem to be at greater risk of psychopathology.

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Appraisal, Coping, Psychological Distress, and Personal Growth: The Role of Rumination

Krys

Reininger

2023

Trends in Psychol.

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Academic performance: A longitudinal study on the role of goal-directed rumination and psychological distress

Cited by 26 publications

References 58 publications

Taking Action or Thinking About It? State Orientation and Rumination Are Correlated in Athletes

Taking Action or Thinking About It? State Orientation and Rumination Are Correlated in Athletes

Rumination, automatic thoughts, dysfunctional attitudes, and thought suppression as transdiagnostic factors in depression and anxiety

Appraisal, Coping, Psychological Distress, and Personal Growth: The Role of Rumination

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