Academic background, professional experience, and research achievements of United States academic ophthalmology leadership

Gershoni, Assaf; Tiosano, Alon; Gabbay, Oren; Schlesinger, Mor; Elbaz, Uri; Barayev, Edward; Dotan, Gad

doi:10.1007/s11845-020-02495-x

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Most studies (57 [62.6%]) were published in or after 2018 (eTable 1 in the Supplement). Eighty-seven studies were cross-sectional, and 4 studies were cohort. In the risk of bias assessment, 12 had low risk of bias (good), 68 were moderate (fair), and 11 were high (poor) (eTables 2 and 3 in the Supplement).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of 4077 retrieved studies, we reviewed 154 full-text articles, with 91 eligible studies published between 1995 and 2022 (Figure). Most studies (57 [62.6%]) were published in or after 2018 (eTable 1 in the Supplement).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eighty-seven studies were cross-sectional, and 4 studies were cohort. In the risk of bias assessment, 12 had low risk of bias (good), 68 were moderate (fair), and 11 were high (poor) (eTables 2 and 3 in the Supplement). Studies were organized by themes across career stages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex Disparities in Ophthalmology From Training Through Practice

Rousta,

Hussein,

Kohly

2024

JAMA Ophthalmol

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ImportanceSex-based research in medicine has revealed inequities against females on almost every metric at almost every career stage; ophthalmology is no exception.ObjectiveTo systematically review the experiences of females in ophthalmology (FiO) from training through practice in high-income countries (HICs).Evidence ReviewA systematic review of English-language studies, published between January 1990 and May 2022, relating to FiO in HICs was performed. PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase electronic databases were searched, as well as the Journal of Academic Ophthalmology as it was not indexed in the searched databases. Studies were organized by theme at each career stage, starting in medical school when an interest in ophthalmology is expressed, and extending up to retirement.FindingsA total of 91 studies, 87 cross-sectional and 4 cohort, were included. In medical school, mentorship and recruitment of female students into ophthalmology was influenced by sex bias, with fewer females identifying with ophthalmologist mentors and gender stereotypes perpetuated in reference letters written by both male and female referees. In residency, females had unequal learning opportunities, with lower surgical case volumes than male trainees and fewer females pursued fellowships in lucrative subspecialties. In practice, female ophthalmologists had lower incomes, less academic success, and poorer representation in leadership roles. Female ophthalmologists had a greater scholarly impact factor than their male counterparts, but this was only after approximately 30 years of publication experience. Pervasive throughout all stages of training and practice was the experience of greater sexual harassment among females from both patients and colleagues. Despite these disparities, some studies found that females reported equal overall career satisfaction rating with males in ophthalmology, whereas others suggested higher burnout rates.Conclusions and RelevanceOphthalmology is approaching sex parity, however, the increase in the proportion of females in ophthalmology had not translated to an increase in female representation in leadership positions. Sex disparities persisted across many domains including recruitment, training, practice patterns, academic productivity, and income. Interventions may improve sex equity in the field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex Disparities in Ophthalmology From Training Through Practice

Rousta,

Hussein,

Kohly

2024

JAMA Ophthalmol

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“…H-index is a numerical value associated with the number of publications that are then cited at the same rate and is a way to quantify scientific output of a researcher [ 10 ]. This metric has been used in a number of similar previously published papers [ 11 – 13 ]. The h-index, publication count, and citation count were obtained for each FD by searching their full first name and last name within the Scopus database (Elsevier B.V., Waltham, MA, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in leadership at breast surgical oncology fellowships

et al. 2022

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Introduction Breast surgical oncology is a defined sub-specialty of general surgery that focuses on the surgical management of breast disease and malignancy within a multidisciplinary context. The fellowship directors (FD) that lead these programs have been selected for their abilities. As programs do research to ensure proper training for the next generation of breast surgical oncologists, we wanted to look into the FDs responsible for their training. Methods The Breast Surgical Oncology care program list was compiled via the Society of Surgical Oncology and American Society of Breast Surgeons Accredited programs ( n = 60). The demographic information that was of interest included, but was not limited to, gender, age, ethnicity/background, past residency training, past fellowship training, year graduated from residency and fellowship, year since graduation to FD appointment, time at institution till FD appointment, and Hirsch index (h-index). Results Data were collected on all 60 FDs. The average age of FDs was 52 years old, 27% of FDs are men and 73% of FDs are women. The average H-index, number of publications, and number of citations were 19, 67, and 2648, respectively. The mean graduation year from residency was 2003, and from fellowship was 2006; with a mean of 9 years post fellowship graduation until becoming an FD. The most frequently attended residency was Rush ( n = 4), and the most common fellowships were Memorial Sloan Kettering ( n = 8), MD Anderson Cancer Center ( n = 7), and John Wayne Cancer Institute ( n = 4). Nine of the FDs stayed at the same institution after doing both residency and fellowship there (15%). Conclusion This is the first study to examine the demographics of those in FD positions in Surgical Breast Oncology, which is a relatively young fellowship. We found that FDs in Breast Surgical Oncology are defined by their high output of research. This qualification may be why the average age, and the number of years to FD are higher compared to other specialties where this research has been undertaken. Initial evaluation of FDs suggest more diversity in this field is needed. Further insight into the leaders training our next generation of surgeons is warranted.

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“…The ICO serves as the recognised training organisation for ophthalmologists in Ireland. Ophthalmology is a specialty that has been at the forefront of innovation, with research as a core principle of training schemes across the globe [ 1 ]. The annual ICO meeting is a key event for promulgating current research work across all levels of training and all ophthalmic subspecialties in Ireland [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The annual conference of the Irish College of Ophthalmologists: examining over a decade of trends

Farrell

Gull

Kelly³

et al. 2023

Ir J Med Sci

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Background The annual conference of the Irish College of Ophthalmologists (ICO) is a key calendar event for ophthalmology research in Ireland. Aims We investigated whether there were identifiable trends across various domains for the last twelve ICO meetings. Our objectives were to assess subspeciality and training centre representation, as well as the characteristics of the first author to include gender and stage of training. Methods A retrospective analysis of paper and poster presentations from the ICO annual conference yearbooks was conducted. The representation of subspecialties, affiliated institutions, and gender distribution were noted for both categories. For paper presentations, the author’s career stage, full-text publication rates, and impact factors were also determined. Results A total of 306 paper presentations and 306 poster presentations were analysed. The subspecialty of retina had the highest representation within both sections. The overall mean publication rate was 38% (range, 6–39%), with a mean journal impact factor of 2.02. No statistically significant differences in gender noted with regard to poster, paper, or publications (p < 0.9, p < 0.1, p < 0.7, respectively). Conclusions This is the first review of all research contributions to the ICO conference. We found that there is a need to promote research in some underrepresented subspecialities and training centres. No significant gender bias was found. There is scope to improve the publication conversion rate; this would allow for greater dissemination of the research presented at the ICO meeting.

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Academic background, professional experience, and research achievements of United States academic ophthalmology leadership

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Sex Disparities in Ophthalmology From Training Through Practice

Sex Disparities in Ophthalmology From Training Through Practice

Trends in leadership at breast surgical oncology fellowships

The annual conference of the Irish College of Ophthalmologists: examining over a decade of trends

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