Academic achievement, behavioural outcomes and MRI findings at 15 years of age in very low birthweight children

Gäddlin, Per-Olof; Finnström, Orvar; Samuelsson, Stefan; Wadsby, Marie; Wang, Chen; Leijon, Ingemar

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00925.x

Cited by 26 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Rates of normal intelligence (i.e., cognitive scores above 85) are lower in adolescents and adults born preterm than in fullterm controls: rates of normal intelligence were only 49-83% of adolescents and adults with BW below 1,500 g compared to 98-100% of controls [Rickards et al, 2001;Hack et al, 2002;Gaddlin et al, 2008a]. Normal intelligence was reported in 81% of 19-year olds with BW below 1,000 g [ Lefebvre et al, 2005]; 76% of adolescents with BW 750-1,000 g and 53% of adolescents with BW below 750 g [Saigal et al, 2000].…”

Section: Intellectual Disability and Intelligencementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Statistically significant associations have been reported between lower IQ scores and: (1) MRI evidence of white matter damage in 15-year old boys with BW below 1,500 g [Gaddlin et al, 2008a], (2) smaller right caudate volume and left hippocampal volume in 15-to 16-year olds with BW below 1,500 g [Abernethy et al, 2002], (3) smaller cerebellar volume in 14-to 15-year olds born before 33-weeks gestation [Allin et al, 2001], and (4) some voxel-based morphometry (VBM) changes in density of grey and white matter in the parietal and temporal lobes in 12-to 16-year olds born before 31-weeks gestation [Isaacs et al, 2004]. VBM measures in the angular gyrus and intraparietal sulcus were correlated with both verbal and performance IQ scores, and VBM measures were correlated with the fusiform gyrus of the temporal lobe [Isaacs et al, 2004].…”

Section: Intellectual Disability and Intelligencementioning

confidence: 95%

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Preterm birth: Transition to adulthood

Allen¹,

Cristofalo²,

Kim³

2010

Dev Disabil Res Revs

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Preterm birth is associated with greater difficulty with transitions from childhood to adolescence to adulthood. Adolescents and young adults born preterm have higher rates of cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, cognitive impairment, learning disability, executive dysfunction, attention deficit disorder, and social-emotional difficulties than their peers born fullterm. Compared to individuals born fullterm, more preterm survivors have major neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disability and need financial supports and societal resources. Neuroimaging studies of adolescents and adults born preterm report higher rates of brain injury, differences in regional brain structure, and different brain circuits than in those born fullterm. Making the transition to adulthood is more difficult for young adults who were born preterm than their peers born fullterm, in that fewer complete high school and higher education, find and keep meaningful employment, and live independently from their parents. As a group, they do not tend to be risk-takers, and they have lower rates of alcohol abuse, use of illicit drugs, and criminal offenses than do their peers. Despite their many challenges, the majority of adults born preterm function well, form personal relationships, integrate well into their community, and are as satisfied with their quality of life as are their peers. Concerns regarding current preterm infants, with more extremely preterm survivors, overwhelming our medical, educational, and societal resources should serve as an impetus for research on prevention of preterm births and brain injury, as well as how to support and promote their ongoing neuromaturation and recovery from injury.

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Section: Intellectual Disability and Intelligencementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Intellectual Disability and Intelligencementioning

confidence: 95%

Preterm birth: Transition to adulthood

Allen¹,

Cristofalo²,

Kim³

2010

Dev Disabil Res Revs

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“…One significance of this study is that various lesions on brain MRIs in children 30,31,32,33 as well as decreased CBF 34,35,36,37,38,39 have been correlated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. The mechanism for neurological injury alone impairing outcome is clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Neurological Injury and Cerebral Blood Flow in Single Ventricles Throughout Staged Surgical Reconstruction

Fogel

Elci

et al. 2017

Circulation

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Background Single ventricle patients experience a high rate of brain injury and adverse neurodevelopmental outcome, however, the incidence of brain abnormalities throughout surgical reconstruction and its relationship with cerebral blood flow, oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide reactivity remains unknown. Methods Single ventricle patients were studied with MRI scans immediately prior to bidirectional Glenn (pre-BDG), prior to Fontan and then 3–9 months after Fontan reconstruction. Results One hundred and sixty eight consecutive subjects recruited into the project underwent 235 scans: 63 pre-BDG (mean age 4.8+1.7 months), 118 BDG (2.9+1.4 years) and 54 after Fontan (2.4+1.0 years). Non-acute ischemic white matter changes on T2 weighted imaging, focal tissue loss, and ventriculomegaly were all more commonly detected in BDG and Fontans compared to pre-BDG (P<0.05). BDG patients has significantly higher CBF than Fontan patients. The odds of discovering brain injury adjusting for surgical stage as well as 2 or more co-existing lesions within a patient all decreased (63–75% and 44% respectively) with increasing amount of cerebral blood flow (P<0.05). In general, there was no association of oxygen delivery (with the exception of ventriculomegaly in the BDG group) or carbon dioxide reactivity with neurological injury. Conclusion Significant brain abnormalities are commonly present in single ventricle patients and detection of these lesions increase as children progress through staged surgical reconstruction with multiple co-existing lesions more common earlier than later. In addition, this study demonstrated that BDG patients had greater CBF than Fontan patients and that there exists an inverse association of various indices of CBF with these brain lesions, however, CO2 reactivity, oxygen delivery (with one exception) were not associated with brain lesion development.

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“…The personality of those born with restricted fetal growth has also gained some attention. Some studies report that men and women born with very low birth weights display less negative emotions and are more cautious in late adolescence and young adulthood compared with controls 41,51 , while others report an increased risk of delinquent, aggressive and externalizing problems 52 . Others on the other hand report a higher risk of internalizing symptoms, attention problems, and relational problems 41,53 .…”

Section: Psychiatric Morbidity and Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the researcher's responsibility to assure that the personal integrity is not violated, and one way of accomplishing this is to publish data on group levels only. 52 Another ethical consideration when working with large population--based studies is the very large sample size. Having a large sample size will often yield a statistical significance even when the differences are very small which may be without clinical importance.…”

Section: Ethical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Characteristics’ Impacton Future Reproduction and Morbidity Among Twins an dSingletons

Bladh¹

2015

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

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Academic achievement, behavioural outcomes and MRI findings at 15 years of age in very low birthweight children

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Preterm birth: Transition to adulthood

Preterm birth: Transition to adulthood

Neurological Injury and Cerebral Blood Flow in Single Ventricles Throughout Staged Surgical Reconstruction

Birth Characteristics’ Impacton Future Reproduction and Morbidity Among Twins an dSingletons

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