Hantaviridae currently encompasses seven genera and 54 species.
Multiple hantaviruses, such as Hantaan virus, Seoul virus,
Dobrava-Belgrade virus, Puumala virus, Andes virus,
and Sin Nombre virus, are highly pathogenic to humans. They cause
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus
cardiopulmonary syndrome or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HCPS/HPS) in
many countries. Some hantaviruses infect wild or domestic animals
without causing severe symptoms. Rodents, shrews, and bats are
reservoirs of various mammalian hantaviruses. Studies on the genomics,
taxonomy, evolution, replication, transmission, pathogenicity, and
control of hantaviruses, as well as patient treatment, have made
significant advances in recent years. Meanwhile, novel hantaviruses
infecting bats, rodents, shrews, amphibians, and fish have been
identified. This systematic review compiles these advancements to aid
researchers and the public in better recognizing this zoonotic virus
family with global public health significance.