Acacia Seyal Gums in Sudan: Ecology and Economic Contribution

Awad, Sara S.; Rabah, Ali A.; Ali, Hassan Ibrahim; Mahmoud, Tarig E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812002-6.00001-4

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Based on the findings, all the results correspond within the limit specified by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). , The chemical composition of AG can change with its source, the age and place of the trees planted, rainfall intensity, and soil conditions . For example, A.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Initially, before the year 2011, production of A. seyal was only contributed to an average of 10.0% of all gum products in Sudan. 29 During that period, these two species of AG were mixed during harvesting that made it impossible to justify precisely the exact composition balance of these two species in the market by the collectors 7 because the availability of either species varied during the season. Nowadays, the staggering amount of coverage land area increased to more than 60.0% for A. seyal for the last decade.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manipulation of Gut Microbiota Using Acacia Gum Polysaccharide

et al. 2021

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Acacia gum (AG) is a branched-polysaccharide gummy exudate that consists of arabinose and galactose. The traditional practice in African-Middle Eastern countries uses this gum as medicine. Traditional use of AG is to treat stomach disease, which can be a potential functional food. In this research, commercially available AG from Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal was investigated as the prebiotic. The experiment employed a pH-controlled in vitro colon model inoculated with human fecal microbiota to mimic the human colon. Fermentation samples at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h were brought for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography and bacterial enumeration via fluorescent in situ hybridization. Results showed that AG significantly promotes Bifidobacteria proliferation similar to fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) while inhibiting the Clostridium histolyticum group, commonly associated with gut dysbiosis. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate showed a similar trend to FOS (p > 0.05). The AG shows potential against gut dysbiosis, as it promotes gut-probiotics, through modulation of microbial population and SCFA production, especially butyrate.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of Gut Microbiota Using Acacia Gum Polysaccharide

et al. 2021

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“…Gum Arabic (GA) or acacia gum is dried gummy exudate (mainly shaped in tears, spherical, or subspherical forms) obtained pathologically, mainly by incision, from the stems and stem branches of acacia trees, especially A. senegal and A. seyal, family Fabaceae. A. senegal gum is called "hashab gum" and has a milky white appearance and is hard; while A. seyal gum is known as "Talha gum", which has mainly amber yellow color and is friable [22]. GA is an arabinogalactan-protein complex (known as arabin) which is composed mainly of calcium, magnesium, and potassium salts of Arabic acid.…”

Section: Main Phytoconstituentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Main Phytoconstituents, Traditional Uses, Inventions, and Patent Literature of Gum Arabic Emphasizing Acacia seyal

et al. 2022

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Acacia seyal is an important source of gum Arabic. The availability, traditional, medicinal, pharmaceutical, nutritional, and cosmetic applications of gum acacia have pronounced its high economic value and attracted global attention. In addition to summarizing the inventions/patents applications related to gum A. seyal, the present review highlights recent updates regarding its phytoconstituents. Traditional, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and medicinal uses with the possible mechanism of actions have been also reviewed. The patent search revealed the identification of 30 patents/patent applications of A. seyal. The first patent related to A. seyal was published in 1892, which was related to its use in the prophylaxis/treatment of kidney and bladder affections. The use of A. seyal to treat cancer and osteoporosis has also been patented. Some inventions provided compositions and formulations containing A. seyal or its ingredients for pharmaceutical and medical applications. The inventions related to agricultural applications, food industry, cosmetics, quality control of gum Arabic, and isolation of some chemical constituents (L-rhamnose and arabinose) from A. seyal have also been summarized. The identification of only 30 patents/patent applications from 1892 to 15 November 2021 indicates a steadily growing interest and encourages developing more inventions related to A. seyal. The authors recommend exploring these opportunities for the benefit of society.

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“…Perhaps the most referred-to family is Acacia senegal. Arabic gum (AG) is a dried sticky exudate from the stems and branches of Acacia senegal trees grown in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Sudan 7 . It consists of dissolvable fibres.…”

Section: Restorative Plants Have Been Utilized In Various Societiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Arabic Gum (Acacia senegal) on Paracetamol-Induced Chronic Nephrotoxicity in Albino Rats

Osman¹,

Mostafa-He²,

Osman³

et al. 2022

International J. of Pharmacology

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Background and Objective: Acetaminophen (APAP), is a commonly prescribed analgesic and antipyretic drug in clinical practice. It has been reported that APAP overdose potentially induces hepatorenal damage in experimental animals and humans and in severe cases may lead to death. Acute renal failure has been reported in -1-2% of patients because of APAP overdose. This study was intended to explore the possible effects of Acacia senegal, commonly known as Arabic gum (AG) on paracetamol (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP)induced nephrotoxicity in an albino rat model. Materials and Methods: Thirty Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups, six rats each. The normal control group was administered ordinary saline orally, the APAP group received APAP intra-peritoneally for 14 days (200 mg kgG 1 ), the N-acetylcysteine (NAC) group received APAP and NAC as a standard drug orally (140 mg kgG 1 ) and the (APAP) and (AG) groups were administered APAP intraperitoneally+AG orally, in two different doses (7.5 and 15 g kgG 1 ) for 14 days. Results: Pretreatment with AG diminished urea and creatinine levels in the blood. It additionally decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) and compensated for the deficits in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and amended the APAP-induced histopathological kidney alterations. Moreover, AG increased the clearance of creatinine from the body and diminished the levels of inflammatory markers CRP, COX-2, IL-6 and IL-17 in kidney tissues induced by APAP administrations. Conclusion: Arabic gum showed a promising role in the protection against paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

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Acacia Seyal Gums in Sudan: Ecology and Economic Contribution

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Manipulation of Gut Microbiota Using Acacia Gum Polysaccharide

Manipulation of Gut Microbiota Using Acacia Gum Polysaccharide

A Review on the Main Phytoconstituents, Traditional Uses, Inventions, and Patent Literature of Gum Arabic Emphasizing Acacia seyal

Effect of Arabic Gum (Acacia senegal) on Paracetamol-Induced Chronic Nephrotoxicity in Albino Rats

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