Acacia saligna seed banks: Sampling methods and dynamics, Western Cape, South Africa

Strydom, Marianna; Esler, Karen J.; Wood, Alan R.

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2011.10.007

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Our data indicate that A. saligna accumulates a large persistent seed bank, which is comparable with that reported in other geographical locations . The results obtained at the end of the field experiment showed a reduction of 76% in the viability of A. saligna seeds buried at 1–19 cm soil depth and a 91% reduction at 1–4 cm soil depth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…On the second sampling date, four soil cores, 3.5 cm in diameter and 15 cm long, were randomly sampled from each block by a split‐core sampler (driller model 11/2X6"SCS, AMS, Inc., American Falls, ID). The density of viable seeds was calculated per liter of soil to enable us to compare our data with those from other studies, as presented in Strydom et al . The effect of treatment on the seed dynamics was examined by the germination test as described above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rain‐based soil solarization for reducing the persistent seed banks of invasive plants in natural ecosystems – Acacia saligna as a model

Cohen

Bar

Gamliel

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: A large persistent seed bank of invasive plants is a significant obstacle to restoration programs. Soil solarization was demonstrated to be an effective method for reducing the seed bank of Australian acacias. However, use of this method in natural habitats might be limited due to the requirement to moisten the soil by irrigation. This study examined the possibility of replacing irrigation by trapping the soil moisture caused by the most recent rainfall, i.e. rain-based soil solarization (RBS). RESULTS: Exposure ofAcacia saligna seeds to 57 ∘ C at 20% soil moisture for 68 h resulted in almost complete loss of seed viability. Similarly, RBS treatment significantly reduced the viability of A. saligna seeds buried at a soil depth of 1-19 cm as well as seed density in the natural seed bank, and almost completely eliminated seedling emergence from natural seed banks of A. saligna and other environmental weeds.CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that RBS is an effective method for reducing the seed bank of invasive plants in natural habitats located in various climate regions characterized by different soil types. This is the first demonstration of a successful application of RBS for soil disinfestation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain‐based soil solarization for reducing the persistent seed banks of invasive plants in natural ecosystems – Acacia saligna as a model

Cohen

Bar

Gamliel

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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“…This has consequently resulted in significant management effort in an attempt to control the invasion [ 5 ]. A particular challenge to control efforts of invasive Australian Acacia is their ability to accumulate persistent seed banks [ 6 – 8 ]. The importance of managing seed banks of invasive Australian Acacia has also been recognised in Australia, Israel and Portugal [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Australian Acacia seed banks: Size and relationship with stem diameter in the presence of gall-forming biological control agents

et al. 2017

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Australian Acacia are invasive in many parts of the world. Despite significant mechanical and biological efforts to control their invasion and spread, soil-stored seed banks prevent their effective and sustained removal. In response South Africa has had a strong focus on employing seed reducing biological control agents to deal with Australian Acacia invasion, a programme that is considered as being successful. To provide a predictive understanding for their management, seed banks of four invasive Australian acacia species (Acacia longifolia, A. mearnsii, A. pycnantha and A. saligna) were studied in the Western Cape of South Africa. Across six to seven sites for each species, seed bank sizes were estimated from dense, monospecific stands by collecting 30 litter and soil samples. Average estimated seed bank size was large (1017 to 17261 seed m-2) as was annual input into the seed bank, suggesting that these seed banks are not residual but are replenished in size annually. A clear relationship between seed bank size and stem diameter was established indicating that mechanical clearing should be conducted shortly after fire-stimulated recruitment events or within old populations when seed banks are small. In dense, monospecific stands seed-feeding biological control agents are not effective in reducing seed bank size.

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“…Acacias shade out native species quicker than do pines. Their legacy effects include large soil-stored seed banks, increased leaf litter and biomass accumulation, increased pressure from folivorous insects and phylopathogenic fungi and changes to soil chemistry (Maoela et al 2016;Nsikani et al 2017;Strydom et al 2012;Yelenik et al 2004), thus altering ecosystem functions such as nutrient-cycling. Their rapid growth to canopy closure halts native seed set, resulting in depletion of native seed banks (Holmes 2002;Mostert et al 2017).…”

Section: Legacy Effects Ecosystem Functions and Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Invasions and Ecological Restoration in South Africa

Holmes

Esler

Gaertner

et al. 2020

Biological Invasions in South Africa

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Invasive alien plant species can be a major cause of ecosystem degradation in South Africa, and ecosystem recovery may require restoration interventions beyond controlling the target alien species. Active restoration interventions are usually required if legacy effects result from the invasion. Legacy effects may induce regime shifts when thresholds to autogenic recovery are breached. In such cases, active restoration interventions will be required to manipulate the ecosystem along a trajectory to recovery. In some cases, alien control measures may be sufficient to restore a structurally and functionally representative ecosystem, provided that implementation occurs early in the invasion process and that the control methods do not hamper spontaneous regeneration. It is important that key stakeholders discuss and set realistic restoration goals at the project planning stage. Studies on the costs and benefits of ecological restoration indicate that when important services are improved, benefits outweigh the costs of alien clearing (assuming spontaneous regeneration of the native ecosystem). The costs of moderate, active restoration interventions are

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Acacia saligna seed banks: Sampling methods and dynamics, Western Cape, South Africa

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Rain‐based soil solarization for reducing the persistent seed banks of invasive plants in natural ecosystems – Acacia saligna as a model

Rain‐based soil solarization for reducing the persistent seed banks of invasive plants in natural ecosystems – Acacia saligna as a model

Invasive Australian Acacia seed banks: Size and relationship with stem diameter in the presence of gall-forming biological control agents

Biological Invasions and Ecological Restoration in South Africa

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