AC load bus frequency control of a DC microgrid based on DC voltage regulation using inertia emulation and economic power management

Samanta, Soumya; Mishra, Jyoti; Roy, Binoy Krishna

doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0187

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Due to the isolation of the converter, DC microgrids lack rotational kinetic energy similar to the AC system, and the DC side capacitance is not sufficient to stabilize the high power fluctuation [1][2][3]. The fluctuation and intermittent of renewable energy sources, low immunity and weak support of power generation equipment will lead to severe DC bus voltage fluctuations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropy weight and grey relational analysis based virtual capacitance collaborative control for multiple energy storage units

Wang

Zhao

Meng

et al. 2022

IET Power Electronics

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Flexible virtual capacitance control (FVCC) for converter can improve the stability and dynamics of DC bus voltage, but among multiple converters, essential inertia distribution is capable of optimizing the performance. To improve the rationality of inertia distribution, a virtual capacitance collaborative control (VCCC) strategy for multiple energy storage units (ESUs) is proposed. Firstly, the system required total inertia is adjusted according to each individual battery's rated capacity and state‐of‐charge (SOC). Then comes the establishment of an evaluation mechanism, which takes the accounts of battery SOC margin, converter power margin and battery power regulation speed. The entropy weight and grey relational analysis are used to calculate each ESU's distribution coefficient and then adjust their virtual capacitance in real‐time. The results show that the adjustment and distribution of the total inertia are beneficial to controlling the SOC of the batteries within the safe range. The ESU with the smallest converter power margin or the slowest battery power regulation speed supports least virtual inertia, which can reduce the problems such as overload protection action or auxiliary power limitation, so as to improve the cooperative control effects. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) simulation experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropy weight and grey relational analysis based virtual capacitance collaborative control for multiple energy storage units

Wang

Zhao

Meng

et al. 2022

IET Power Electronics

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show abstract

“…In the case of the utility grid-connected, the proposed inertia control strategy is in [21] and [22], respectively, adaptive virtual inertia control with variable droop coefficient and self-adaptive inertia control combined with fast predictive converter regulation control. Virtual inertia control (VIC) and energy economic optimization have been proposed through a sequential current sharing program with a restoration controller to achieve DC bus voltage stability in [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inertia emulation with incorporating the concept of virtual compounded DC machine and bidirectional DC–DC converter for DC microgrid in islanded mode

Pishbahar

CheshmehBeigi

Yengijeh

et al. 2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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Independence in energy generation, attention to environmental issues, limited fossil fuel sources, and easy access to renewable energy sources have led governments, industry, and engineering to use renewable energy sources for decades. Meanwhile, microgrids for residential, commercial, industrial, and military purposes are widely used using these resources. However, the use of these sources in microgrids is associated with the challenges of uncertainty and lack of inertia. Therefore, by using energy storage systems in DC microgrids, the mentioned challenges can be overcome by emulating inertia. The purpose of this paper is to present a virtual compounded DC machine (VCDCM). The governing equations of the compounded DC machine have been accurately studied and the desired characteristics of this machine have been used to emulate inertia through the control of the buck‐boost converter connected to the energy storage systems in the concept of VCDCM. Proposed scheme; in an islanded microgrid with maximum components and standards required; Simulated in the Simulink/MATLAB environment. The results obtained under different scenarios confirm the ability of the proposed scheme to stabilize the DC bus voltage. The magnitude of DC bus voltage deviation from the reference value when an error occurs has resulted in a significant reduction compared to conventional schemes.

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“…Along with the deterioration of the ecological environment and the change of energy structure, renewable energy sources (RES) technology has gradually attracted more and more attention [1]. In terms of RES access, the DC microgrid has obvious strength in its simple structure, less power electronic equipment, higher efficiency and reliability compared with AC power network [1][2][3][4]. However, the increase of RES based on power electronic converters can hugely reduce its inertia levels, making the microgrid more vulnerable to the intermittent power sources and load power fluctuations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible virtual capacitance control strategy for a DC microgrid with multiple constraints

Meng

Zhang

Wáng

et al. 2020

IET Renewable Power Generation

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In a DC microgrid, the anti-interference ability of bus voltage can easily become vulnerable due to low inertia caused by a large number of power electronic converters. This has already challenged the system stability and practicability in DC girds. In this study, a flexible virtual capacitance (FVC) control strategy with multiple constraints (MCs) is proposed to guarantee the security and stability of the DC microgrid, where the system stability, dynamic characteristics, actual operation requirements and realisability are considered as MCs. The FVC controller, which mainly modifies the reference current in voltage source converter by flexibly regulating virtual capacitance value, is given to provide inertial support and improve voltage quality. The stable operating boundary calculation based on small signal model and key control parameters design are further introduced into the control loop. This can ameliorate the dynamic response of the microgrid and obtain the better engineering practicability. Finally, experiment tests on a controller-level hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform are carried out to verify the validity of the proposed strategy.

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AC load bus frequency control of a DC microgrid based on DC voltage regulation using inertia emulation and economic power management

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Entropy weight and grey relational analysis based virtual capacitance collaborative control for multiple energy storage units

Entropy weight and grey relational analysis based virtual capacitance collaborative control for multiple energy storage units

Inertia emulation with incorporating the concept of virtual compounded DC machine and bidirectional DC–DC converter for DC microgrid in islanded mode

Flexible virtual capacitance control strategy for a DC microgrid with multiple constraints

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