AC impedance characteristics of a 2kW PEM fuel cell stack under different operating conditions and load changes

Yan, Xiaoxing; Hou, Ming; Sun, Liyan; Shen, Qiang; Xu, Hongzhou; Ming, Pingwen; Yi, Baolian

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.06.024

Cited by 149 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The equivalent circuit presented in Fig.1 is referred from the literature by Yan et al. [33,35] and Wagner et al [49]. In addition, the conventional double-layer capacitance is replaced by a constant phase element (CPE), based on Ciureaun's report [51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yuan et al [1] reported EIS has already become a primary tool in PEMFC research. EIS method is also used effectively for analyses of the amount of catalysts [2][3][4][5], nafion content [3,[6][7][8], membrane thickness [9,10], GDL structure [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], proton conductivity [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], humidification condition [3,9,[27][28][29][30] and stack [24,[31][32][33][34][35][36]. For example, Paganin et al [2] and Song et al [3] suggested that charge transfer resistance is much smaller with increasing amount of catalysts.…”

Section: Page 3 Of 34mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the low-frequency region is due mainly to the flooding of the cathode side. Yan et al [35] investigated impedance behavior of a 2 kW stack under different operating conditions. They suggested the humidification of air and temperature mainly influence the charge transfer resistance and flow rate of air is related to the mass transfer resistance.…”

Section: Page 3 Of 34mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under different operation conditions and corrosion

Kumagai¹,

Ichikawa

Yashiro

2010

Journal of Power Sources

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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was employed for in situ diagnosis for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells during operation. First, EIS was measured as a function of operation parameters such as applied current density, gas flow rates and gas humidification temperature. The resistance that correlated with conductivity of the membrane and the contact resistance between bipolar plate and gas A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 diffusion layer (GDL) was set as R m in the assumed equivalent circuit. The charge transfer resistances were considered for cathode (R ct (C)). The value of R ct (C) was sensitive to the parameters that affected cell voltage. Additionally, the diffusion resistance (R d ) was ascribed to the effect of oxygen supply and drainage of generated water. Second, the influence of corrosion of type 430 stainless steel bipolar plates was evaluated by EIS method during operation. Corrosion of the stainless steel bipolar plates resulted in an increase in the value of R d .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Page 3 Of 34mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Page 3 Of 34mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under different operation conditions and corrosion

Kumagai¹,

Ichikawa

Yashiro

2010

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Contrarily, increased cathode stoichiometry resulted in better performance as long as there was sufficient humidification [44]. Figure 7 shows that cathode stoichiometry has no significant effect on resistance, except for mass transport [67]. The observation was attributed to the fact that only oxygen transport was affected since the membrane was hydrated at 80 %RH for 1 hour.…”

Section: Stoichiometric Ratiomentioning

confidence: 98%

PEMFC for aeronautic applications: A review on the durability aspects

et al. 2017

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) not only offer more efficient electrical energy conversion, relative to on-ground/backup turbines but generate by-products useful in aircraft such as heat for ice prevention, deoxygenated air for fire retardation and drinkable water for use on-board. Consequently, several projects (e.g. DLR-H2 Antares and RAPID2000) have successfully tested PEMFC-powered auxiliary unit (APU) for manned/unmanned aircraft. Despite the progress from flying PEMFC-powered small aircraft with 20 kW power output as high as 1 000 m at 100 km/h to 33 kW at 2 558 m, 176 km/h [1-3], durability and reliability remain key challenges. This review reports on the inadequate understanding of behaviour of PEMFC under aeronautic conditions and the lack of predictive methods conducive for aircraft that provide real-time information on the State of Health of PEMFCs. Highlights: The main research findings are -To minimize performance loss due to high altitude and inclination by adjusting cathode stoichiometric ratio. -To improve quality of oxygen-depleted air by controlling operating temperature and stoichiometric ratio. -Need to devise real time prediction methods conducive for determining PEMFC SoH in aircraft.

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“…This technique provides detailed information on the conductivity of the membrane, on the electrochemical electrode processes and on the intrinsic losses of the system [3][4][5]. All these data are crucial in order to tackle some of the most challenging actual issues of fuel cells, such as membrane drying and gas diffusion layer flooding [6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Montecarlo based quantitative Kramers–Kronig test for PEMFC impedance spectrum validation

Giner-Sanz

Ortega

Pérez-Herranz

2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a very powerful tool to study the behaviour of electrochemical systems. At present, it is widely used in the fuel cell field in order to study challenging cutting edge issues as membrane drying or gas diffusion layer flooding amongst others. The proper analysis of impedance data requires the fulfilment of four fundamental conditions: causality, linearity, stability and finiteness. The non compliance with any of these conditions may lead to biased, or even misguided, conclusions. Therefore it is critical to verify the compliance of these conditions before accepting any analysis performed on an experimental spectrum. This is even more important in a fuel cell experimental spectrum analysis, since fuel cells are markedly non stationary systems. The aim of this work is to establish an impedance spectrum quantitative validation technique to validate the whole experimental spectrum and to identify the individual points within a spectrum that do not comply any of the four conditions, in order to remove these inconsistent points from the analysis. The designed validation method consists in a Kramers-Kronig (KK) validation test, by equivalent electrical circuit fitting, coupled with a Montecarlo error propagation method. In a first step, the experimental spectrum is fitted to a particular electrical equivalent circuit, which satisfies the KK relations. Then, in a second step, a statistical Montecarlo method is used in order to propagate the model fitting parameter uncertainty through the model. Using this approach, a consistency region is built for a given confidence level: the experimental points inside this region are considered consistent for the given confidence level, whereas the outside points are rejected. The method was used on PEMFC experimental impedance spectra; and it successfully managed to identify inconsistent points, associated to no stationarities.2

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AC impedance characteristics of a 2kW PEM fuel cell stack under different operating conditions and load changes

Cited by 149 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under different operation conditions and corrosion

Evaluation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under different operation conditions and corrosion

PEMFC for aeronautic applications: A review on the durability aspects

Montecarlo based quantitative Kramers–Kronig test for PEMFC impedance spectrum validation

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