AC Electrothermal Effect in Microfluidics: A Review

Salari, Alinaghi; Navi, Maryam; Lijnse, Thomas; Dalton, Colin

doi:10.3390/mi10110762

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(392 reference statements)

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“…7 A graph showing how the velocity varies with a voltage applied to the second small electrode, while keeping the first small electrode at 7 V. This differential in voltages from the central ground electrode will cause the field over the electrode to become slightly more symmetrical, both reducing speed and improving mixing. As this relationship follows the curve shown above, this can be used to fine tune the speed of the fluid in the channel with a higher degree of accuracy than simply by changing the input electrode voltage, as has been described in other works [20]…”

Section: Table 3 Geometries and Parameters Simulatedmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…KCl is chosen as an appropriate simulation material due to its conductivity of a similar magnitude to that of biofluids, and its prevalence in prior reported work for ease of comparison [11]. As the ACET force proportionally increases with fluid conductivity, higher conductivity biofluids (> 1 S/m) will experience higher flow rates [4,20]. Figure 1a-c shows the boundary conditions and new electrode geometry, featuring two thin electrodes adjacent to either side of a wide electrode on both the top and bottom of a microfluidic channel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where p represents the pressure vector field, represents dynamic viscosity, u represents the fluid velocity field and F e represents electrothermal force, which is given in time averaged form below [20]. It is important to note that will vary with temperature fluctuations.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The equation for electrothermal force assumes the change with respect to temperature for electric permittivity, given by α, and conductivity, given by β, are − 0.4% K −1 and 2% K −1 respectively [20].…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This enables precise analytics without the use of large benchtop systems. The AC Electrothermal (ACET) technique has shown high effectiveness in the transport and mixing of conductive biofluids, required for miniaturized lab-on-a-chip systems [3,19,20,25]. Through the production of vortices in the fluid, ACET is also capable of simultaneously mixing and transporting fluids [3,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical simulation of a tuneable reversible flow design for practical ACET devices

2020

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Alternating Current Electrothermal (ACET) micropumps are a well-documented flow induction and mixing method. This phenomenon has significant promise as a reliable microfluidic pumping method for high conductivity biofluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid, urine, or blood. Practical implementations so far have been limited by complex designs focused on maximized flow rates, typically in only one direction at a time. This paper describes a device geometry demonstrating, and quantifying for the first time, fully reversible flow, that is, going from 100% flow in one direction to fully symmetrical 100% flow in the opposite direction. This design incorporates multiple features targeted at practical fabrication and applications. The design enables fine-tuning of flow speeds via adjustable signal strengths in a unique manner compared to traditional ACET devices. A full numerical simulation of this device has been performed within this work. Additionally, this paper reports several methods for increasing usability of ACET devices, including proposing coatings to prevent electrolysis and increase flow rates without the risk of fluid reactions, manufacturing methods for ease of handling, and specific device parameters for implementation in microdevices. The development of an ACET device that can precisely and efficiently pump and extract fluids allows for new applications in integrated biological systems and monitoring devices.

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Section: Table 3 Geometries and Parameters Simulatedmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical simulation of a tuneable reversible flow design for practical ACET devices

2020

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Toward low‐voltage dielectrophoresis‐based microfluidic systems: A review

2020

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Dielectrophoretically driven microfluidic devices have demonstrated great applicability in biomedical engineering, diagnostic medicine, and biological research. One of the potential fields of application for this technology is in point‐of‐care (POC) devices, ideally allowing for portable, fully integrated, easy to use, low‐cost diagnostic platforms. Two main approaches exist to induce dielectrophoresis (DEP) on suspended particles, that is, electrode‐based DEP and insulator‐based DEP, each featuring different advantages and disadvantages. However, a shared concern lies in the input voltage used to generate the electric field necessary for DEP to take place. Therefore, input voltage can determine portability of a microfluidic device. This review outlines the recent advances in reducing stimulation voltage requirements in DEP‐driven microfluidics.

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A survey of electrokinetically‐driven microfluidics for cancer cells manipulation

et al. 2020

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Cancer is one of the leading causes of annual deaths worldwide, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths each year. Metastasis, the process by which cancer spreads across the patient's body, is the main cause of death in cancer patients. Because the rising trend observed in statistics of new cancer cases and cancer‐related deaths does not allow for an optimistic viewpoint on the future—in relation to this terrible disease—the scientific community has sought methods to enable early detection of cancer and prevent the apparition of metastatic tumors. One such method is known as liquid biopsy, wherein a sample is taken from a bodily fluid and analyzed for the presence of CTCs or other cancer biomarkers (e.g., growth factors). With this objective, interest is growing by year in electrokinetically‐driven microfluidics applied for the concentration, capture, filtration, transportation, and characterization of CTCs. Electrokinetic techniques—electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, electrorotation, and electrothermal and EOF—have great potential for miniaturization and integration with electronic instrumentation for the development of point‐of‐care devices, which can become a tool for early cancer diagnostics and for the design of personalized therapeutics. In this contribution, we review the state of the art of electrokinetically‐driven microfluidics for cancer cells manipulation.

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AC Electrothermal Effect in Microfluidics: A Review

Cited by 45 publications

References 137 publications

Numerical simulation of a tuneable reversible flow design for practical ACET devices

Numerical simulation of a tuneable reversible flow design for practical ACET devices

Toward low‐voltage dielectrophoresis‐based microfluidic systems: A review

A survey of electrokinetically‐driven microfluidics for cancer cells manipulation

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