Abuse as a Gendered Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

Scott‐Storey, Kelly

doi:10.1097/jcn.0b013e318279e372

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Unique nature of gender stressors-Another school of thought characteristic of the present studies proposes that gender stress is appraised differently than other forms of stress and therefore requires unique stress management strategies. Like racial stressors, the perceived pervasiveness of gender inequity leads to distinct neurological and cognitive processes based in a need to manage chronic threats over which one has no control [61,126,186,[199][200][201]. The resulting strategies produce a proclivity for deference [187,188,199], internalized stigma [44,82,84,119,175] and emotion-focused coping [52,69,185,191], all of which are risk factors for the mood disorders such as PTSD and depression which are more prevalent among women [23,24,31,57].…”

Section: Theories For Gender Variation In Stress Response and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theories for Race and Gender Differences in Management of Social Identity-Related Stressors: a Systematic Review

Bey

Ulbricht

Person

2018

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Sociodemographic group-specific strategies for stress management may contribute to racial and gender disparities in health outcomes in the USA. We aimed to systematically review theoretical and empirical investigations of factors influencing variation in response to and management of identity-related stress among black and white Americans. OvidPsychInfo and PubMed databases were searched to identify eligible studies. Criteria were participant age of ≥ 18 years, conducted in the US sampling black or white participants, and published in English in a peer-reviewed journal. The final sample included 167 articles. Theories suggesting social status inequities as the primary contributor to disparate strategies employed by black and white women and men to manage social identity-related stress were most frequently tested and supported. Studies disproportionally focused on how women and black persons cope as targets of prejudice and discrimination rather than on how management strategies of men or white persons are affected as perpetrators. Finally, there was theoretical support for an interactive effect of race and gender on stress management, but empirical evidence was lacking, particularly among black men, white women, and white men. The literature could be strengthened through the use of prospective cohorts and nationally representative samples, as well as study designs accounting for potential within-race and within-gender variation in the effects of social identity-related stressors on coping. With greater consistency in methodology, future empirical studies may yield additional information regarding group differences in stress management pertinent to clarifying mechanisms for the health consequences of exposure to social inequity among black and white women and men.

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Section: Theories For Gender Variation In Stress Response and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theories for Race and Gender Differences in Management of Social Identity-Related Stressors: a Systematic Review

Bey

Ulbricht

Person

2018

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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“…Figure 1 represents our proposed framework on the biopsychosocial pathway of IPV and CVD and the three levels of prevention. Scott-Storey [16] developed a conceptual model called IPV as a gendered risk factor for CVD. Investigations into CVD risk factors specific to women have focused on sex-based and biological differences, with little focus on gender-based psychosocial confounders.…”

Section: Conceptual Framework: Ipv As a Chronic Disease And A Cvd Rismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite beginning evidence that abuse may increase CVD risk in women, the biobehavioral, physiological and psychological pathways linking abuse to CVD have received little attention from researchers and clinicians. Scott-Storey [16] proposed a conceptual model that delineates the pathways by which IPV may increase CVD risk among women. Within the model, lifetime abuse is positioned as a chronic stressor affecting CVD risk through direct and indirect pathways.…”

Section: Conceptual Framework: Ipv As a Chronic Disease And A Cvd Rismentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Intimate Partner Violence a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Women? A Review of the Preponderance of the Evidence

Constantino¹,

Angosta²,

Reyes³

et al. 2019

Health

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This paper examines the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) experience in women and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and determines if there is a preponderance of literature evidence. Research is reviewed dealing with the different biopsychosocial factors affecting the relationship between IPV and CVD. As a result of our review, we propose a framework on the biopsychosocial pathway of IPV as a risk factor of CVD of women. Our proposed framework portrays how IPV experiences contribute to long-term biopsychosocial changes that increase the risk of CVD among female victims of IPV. These biopsychosocial changes include chronic inflammation and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction, metabolic or endocrine dysfunction, and mood symptomatology. In our framework, we also included strategies to prevent risks in developing CVD through the three levels of prevention. Because gender disparities exist when examining CVD risk and development, the correlation between IPV and CVD risk in women must be explored. This framework may provide a theoretical foundation for further research on the relationship between IPV and CVD among women.

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“…To date, much of the research examining the link between abuse and CVD has relied on correlational and regression analyses, which fails to explore the causal pathways between abuse and CVD. Understanding how abuse affects the risk for CVD is imperative for informing prevention and intervention efforts among vulnerable women, yet few studies have explicitly tested these causal pathways with mediation models [10] To address this gap, Scott-Storey [19] developed a conceptual model depicting direct and indirect pathways by which severity of lifetime abuse may affect women’s CVD risk. The purpose of this study was to test Scott-Storey’s conceptual model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These physiological changes are believed to create a state of vulnerability, leading to the etiology of CVD [22]. Specifically, chronic stress from abuse can lead to elevated blood pressure, a clinically important early indicator of CVD risk [19]. Second, common coping strategies for dealing with stress from abuse, such as smoking and overeating, are known CVD risk behaviors [16, 23, 24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling lifetime abuse and cardiovascular disease risk among women

Scott‐Storey

Hodgins

Wuest

2019

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most significant health challenges facing women today. Abuse is a serious gendered issue also affecting the health of women. Despite beginning evidence that abuse may increase the risk of CVD among women, causal pathways linking abuse to CVD have received little attention. Our purpose was to test Scott-Storey’s conceptual model showing direct and indirect pathways through which lifetime abuse severity may affect women’s CVD risk. Methods Using data collected from a community sample of 227 Canadian women who had left an abusive partner, we conducted structural equation modeling with latent growth curve analysis using a phantom variable approach to test the direct effects of severity of lifetime abuse on CVD risk (indicated by measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure) as well as its indirect effects through CVD risk behaviors and through women’s initial level of depressive symptoms and the observed rate of change in their depressive symptoms over time. Results Women in this sample had above average CVD risk factors (i.e., smoking, overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, high blood pressure) in comparison to women in the general population. Further, CVD risk behaviors increased with severity of lifetime abuse and remained present long after leaving the abusive relationship. Results of the tested model provide preliminary evidence supporting many of the hypothesized pathways by which severity of lifetime abuse can increase CVD risk among women; the model fit the data reasonably well explaining 41% of the variance in CVD risk. Conclusions Findings support the growing recognition of the long-term effects of lifetime abuse on cardiovascular health, suggest important implications for clinicians working with women, and provide a novel approach for studying the concept of cumulative lifetime abuse through the use of a phantom variable.

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Abuse as a Gendered Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 21 publications

References 48 publications

Theories for Race and Gender Differences in Management of Social Identity-Related Stressors: a Systematic Review

Theories for Race and Gender Differences in Management of Social Identity-Related Stressors: a Systematic Review

Is Intimate Partner Violence a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Women? A Review of the Preponderance of the Evidence

Modeling lifetime abuse and cardiovascular disease risk among women

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