Abundances of the elements

Suess, H E; Urey, H C

doi:10.2172/6436312

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although regularities in the abundance of the elements have been noticed earlier (Oddo, 1914;Harkins, 1917), it was the proposal by Hoyle (1946) that the heavy elements are synthesized in stars and the compilation of the abundances of the elements in nature, mostly based on meteorites, by Suess and Urey (1956) that led to the seminal work of Burbidge et al (1 957) and Cameron (1957). These authors proposed a series of different nuclear processes taking place in stars in order to explain the abundance of the elements in the solar system and, thus, created the ever growing discipline of nucleosynthesis theory (Clayton, 1983;Arnett, 1996).…”

Section: From Elements In the Solar System To Isotopes In Individual mentioning

confidence: 97%

Trends in the study of presolar dust grains from primitive meteorites

Zinner¹

1998

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-A series of trends can be discerned in the study of presolar dust grains from primitive meteorites, and these trends might give us hints in which direction this new field of astronomy is developing. They include: (1) a focus on ever smaller components of meteorites; (2) a shift from the study of the elemental abundances in the solar system to the study of isotopic abundances; (3) a shift of emphasis from averages of the isotopic abundances as represented by the whole solar system to individual isotopic components preserved in circumstellar dust grains; (4) the preferential study of rare types of presolar dust grains; ( 5 ) the emergence of new technical capabilities for the study of individual presolar dust grains; examples include isotopic imaging and resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS); and (6) a shift from a situation in which grain data confirm previously held theoretical ideas to a situation in which the experimental data impose new constraints on theoretical models of nucleosynthesis, stellar mixing and grain formation in stellar outflows. In other words, the data do not confirm but drive the theory. An example is the distribution of Si isotopic ratios in individual mainstream S i c grains for which many different theoretical explanations have been offered.There are still many unsolved problems posed by the grain data, the most difficult being the interpretation of the isotopic ratios of grains with a supernova signature (evidence for 44Ti and excesses in 28Si) in terms of theoretical models of nucleosynthesis and the mixing of supernova ejecta. Future progress is expected to come from the analysis of larger numbers of grains, the search for new types of presolar grains, the analysis of smaller grains and of more elements in a given grain, both made possible by the increase in sensitivity of ion microprobes and the extended application of RIMS, from multi-dimensional models of stellar evolution with enlarged nuclear networks, and from new measurements of nuclear cross sections.

show abstract

Section: From Elements In the Solar System To Isotopes In Individual mentioning

confidence: 97%

Trends in the study of presolar dust grains from primitive meteorites

Zinner¹

1998

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Together with his colleague, Hans Suess, he provided detailed abundance data for the chemical elements, an improvement of Goldschmidt's earlier data, which guided the calculations of Hoyle and his collaborators. 57 Although Urey must have known that there was no precedence for sharing a Nobel Prize between more than three scientists, he nominated all four authors of the B 2 FH paper for the 1965 prize without distinguishing between them. 58 In fact, this was formally in agreement with the statutes of the Nobel Foundation according to which, "If two or more persons have together produced a work which is rewarded, the prize may be awarded to them jointly."…”

Section: Nuclear Astrophysics: Gamow and Hoylementioning

confidence: 99%

The Nobel Prize System and the Astronomical Sciences

Kragh

2017

Journal for the History of Astronomy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is no Nobel Prize in astronomy, and perhaps for this reason, historians of science have rarely examined the astronomical sciences from the perspective of the Nobel Prize system. And yet, since the establishment of this system many astronomers and astrophysicists have been nominated for the physics prize and these nominations provide the historian with valuable sources for understanding the dynamical relationship between astronomy and physics during the twentieth century. Apart from giving a general account of the role of astronomy in a Nobel context, this paper investigates a select number of scientists who contributed to astronomy and its allied sciences and were nominated for a Nobel Prize. The focus is on the period from about 1950 to 1966, but earlier nominations of, for example, M. Saha, H. N. Russell, and A. Eddington are also considered.

show abstract

“…Phosphorus, among the most common elements found in the Earth’s crust, 2 was dubbed “life’s bottleneck” by science writer Isaac Asimov. “[L]ife can multiply until all the phosphorus is gone, and then there is an inexorable halt which nothing can prevent,” he wrote.…”

Section: “Life’s Bottleneck”mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Paradox Scarcityand Overabundance of a Key Nutrient

Lougheed

2011

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abundances of the elements

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Trends in the study of presolar dust grains from primitive meteorites

Trends in the study of presolar dust grains from primitive meteorites

The Nobel Prize System and the Astronomical Sciences

Phosphorus Paradox Scarcityand Overabundance of a Key Nutrient

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About