Abundance, production and stabilization of microbial biomass under conventional and reduced tillage

Groenigen, Kees Jan van; Bloem, J.; Bååth, Erland; Boeckx, Pascal; Rousk, Johannes; Bodé, Samuel; Forristal, P. D.; Jones, Michael B.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.09.023

Cited by 173 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In arable soils, the fungal cell-membrane component ergosterol is an important index for saprotrophic fungi (Joergensen and Wichern 2008;van Groenigen et al 2010). However, the increase in ergosterol is probably not caused by the Table 6 Mean ratios of microbial biomass C/N, ergosterol/ microbial biomass C, and microbial biomass C/soil organic C in the soil of the fertilization trial (n=19 for non-amended area, n=6 for all fertilizer treatments, n=4 for all plots), probability values of a two-way ANOVA using treatment and plots as factors, comparing vegetal fertilizers and farmyard manure (FYM) application and comparing inorganic fertilizer with all organic fertilizer treatments CV pooled coefficient of variation between within plots (n=4), NS not significant CV pooled coefficient of variation between replicate plots (n=6), NS not significant, FW fresh weight of saleable tubers, DW dry weight vegetal fertilizers but by straw incorporation roughly 6 months before soil sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in microbial biomass indices after 10 years of farmyard manure and vegetal fertilizer application to a sandy soil under organic management

Heinze

Oltmanns²,

Joergensen

et al. 2011

Plant Soil

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The main objective of the second Darmstadt trial was to investigate the effects of vegetal fertilizers on soil properties and crop yield in comparison with farmyard manure. The experiment consisted of seven treatments: (i) inorganic fertilizers, (ii) vegetal organic fertilizers, (iii) vegetal organic fertilizers equivalent to biodynamic preparations, (iv) cattle farmyard manure, (v) cattle farmyard manure with addition of biodynamic preparations, (vi) high level of cattle farmyard manure, and (vii) high level of cattle farmyard manure with biodynamic preparations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in microbial biomass indices after 10 years of farmyard manure and vegetal fertilizer application to a sandy soil under organic management

Heinze

Oltmanns²,

Joergensen

et al. 2011

Plant Soil

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“…have reported similar responses. van Groenigen et al (2010) found no differences in the growth of AM fungi or saprotrophic fungi due to differences in tillage, and Denef et al (2009), reported that differences in mowing frequency (not soil disturbance, but still disturbance) did not alter 13 C enrichment in AM fungi. This is interesting given that AM fungal taxa shifts due to soil disturbance in agricultural areas have been observed by others (Castillo et al 2006;Jansa et al 2002Jansa et al , 2003, as well as in the specific area of this study (Schnoor et al 2011).…”

Section: Am Fungal Biomassmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Disturbance may also lead to shifts in the balance between different functional groups of fungi. van Groenigen et al (2010) found that reduced tillage increased the abundance of AM fungal and saprotrophic fungal lipids in shallow soil layers, but that AM fungi responded positively to reduced tillage at deeper soil layers too. Wortmann et al (2008) showed that AM fungi decreased in response to one-time tillage and the amount of saprotrophic fungi actually increased, and that the effects persisted for at least 3 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil disturbance alters plant community composition and decreases mycorrhizal carbon allocation in a sandy grassland

2011

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We have studied how disturbance by ploughing and rotavation affects the carbon (C) flow to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in a dry, semi-natural grassland. AM fungal biomass was estimated using the indicator neutral lipid fatty acid (NLFA) 16:1ω5, and saprotrophic fungal biomass using NLFA 18:2ω6,9. We labeled vegetation plots with (13)CO(2) and studied the C flow to the signature fatty acids as well as uptake and allocation in plants. We found that AM fungal biomass in roots and soil decreased with disturbance, while saprotrophic fungal biomass in soil was not influenced by disturbance. Rotavation decreased the (13)C enrichment in NLFA 16:1ω5 in soil, but (13)C enrichment in the AM fungal indicator NLFA 16:1ω5 in roots or soil was not influenced by any other disturbance. In roots, (13)C enrichment was consistently higher in NLFA 16:1ω5 than in crude root material. Grasses (mainly Festuca brevipila) decreased as a result of disturbance, while non-mycorrhizal annual forbs increased. This decreases the potential for mycorrhizal C sequestration and may have been the main reason for the reduced mycorrhizal C allocation found in disturbed plots. Disturbance decreased the soil ammonium content but did not change the pH, nitrate or phosphate availability. The overall effect of disturbance on C allocation was that more of the C in AM fungal mycelium was directed to the external phase. Furthermore, the functional identity of the plants seemed to play a minor role in the C cycle as no differences were seen between different groups, although annuals contained less AM fungi than the other groups.

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“…Soil CO 2 flux and microbial communities likely share common factors that control their variability over time (Helgason et al 2010). Soil microorganisms largely mediate the effect of management practices on the flow of C through ecosystems (van Groenigen et al 2010). Interactions between soil microbial biomass and the substrate supply determine the rate of CO 2 production and C sequestration in soil under similar environmental conditions (Wang et al 2003).…”

Section: Responsible Editor: Leo Condronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term conservation tillage influences the soil microbial community and its contribution to soil CO2 emissions in a Mollisol in Northeast China

et al. 2015

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Purpose Conservation tillage can significantly affect the biological, chemical, and physical properties of soil. This study aimed to determine the effect of conservation tillage on the soil microbial community and respiration and on soil CO 2 emissions. Materials and methods In this study, the effects of 10 years of conservation tillage (no-till: NT and ridge tillage: RT) on soil CO 2 fluxes and soil microbial communities were assessed in a black soil in Northeast China. Results and discussion The annual soil CO 2 emissions were higher under moldboard plow (MP) than under NT by 7.8 % (P<0.05). The average soil microbial respiration rate from RT was higher than that from MP by 11 % (P<0.05). Soil microbial respiration under NT (65 %) and RT (64 %) contributed more to soil CO 2 emissions than MP (54 %). Total soil bacterial and fungal phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were 1.6 times and 2.6 times greater under NT and RT, respectively, than under MP in the 0-5 cm layer, whereas they decreased by 21-47 % under NT and 26-41 % under RT in the 5-10

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Abundance, production and stabilization of microbial biomass under conventional and reduced tillage

Cited by 173 publications

References 58 publications

Changes in microbial biomass indices after 10 years of farmyard manure and vegetal fertilizer application to a sandy soil under organic management

Changes in microbial biomass indices after 10 years of farmyard manure and vegetal fertilizer application to a sandy soil under organic management

Soil disturbance alters plant community composition and decreases mycorrhizal carbon allocation in a sandy grassland

Long-term conservation tillage influences the soil microbial community and its contribution to soil CO2 emissions in a Mollisol in Northeast China

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