ntravascular stent implantation has become the preferred treatment for the pre-and postoperative peripheral (P) pulmonary artery stenosis (PS) that complicates complex heart anomalies, 1-4 but there are concerns regarding size mismatch following somatic growth and of the long term safety of implanted metallic stents, particularly in young children. Consequently, although its success rate is less than that achieved with stents, percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (PTA) remains an option for some pediatric cases of PPS. [5][6][7][8][9][10] We have observed that some stenotic pulmonary artery (PA) lesions show satisfactory late growth after PTA despite an initial poor response and the purpose of this study was to determine (1) how often such growth of the stenotic PA (ie, remodeling) occurs and (2)
Methods
Study PatientsWe evaluated the pulmonary angiograms of 17 peripheral PS lesions before and after PTA in 14 patients in whom PTA had been performed between March 1993 and September 1999 and which had been judged successful. The median age at PTA and the interval from PTA to follow-up angiography was 21 months (range: 4 months to 9 years 7 months) and 11 months (range: 2-18 months), respectively.