Abundance Across Seasons of Insect Herbivore Taxa Associated with the Invasive<i>Senecio madagascariensis</i>(Asteraceae), in Its Native Range in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Olckers, D. Egli T.

doi:10.4001/003.023.0108

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Since a single fireweed plant can produce up to ca. 30,000 seeds [ 25 ] that can be effectively dispersed by wind, the invasive strategy of this weed must be seen as a balance between high seed production with rapid dispersal and producing a medium-sized seed bank of short-lived seeds. Land managers should therefore focus more on preventing seed set and dispersal and, to a lesser extent, on preventing the formation of seed banks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Management of Senecio madagascariensis (Fireweed)

Wijayabandara

Campbell

Vitelli

et al. 2023

Plants

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Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis Poir.) is a herbaceous weed-producing pyrrolizidine alkaloid that is poisonous to livestock. To investigate the efficacy of chemical management on fireweed and its soil seed bank density, a field experiment was conducted in Beechmont, Queensland, in 2018 within a pasture community. A total of four herbicides (bromoxynil, fluroxypyr/aminopyralid, metsulfuron-methyl and triclopyr/picloram/aminopyralid) were applied either singularly or repeated after 3 months to a mix-aged population of fireweed. The initial fireweed plant density at the field site was high (10 to 18 plants m−2). However, after the first herbicide application, the fireweed plant density declined significantly (to ca. 0 to 4 plants m−2), with further reductions following the second treatment. Prior to herbicide application, fireweed seeds in both the upper (0 to 2 cm) and lower (2 to 10 cm) soil seed bank layers averaged 8804 and 3593 seeds m−2, respectively. Post-herbicide application, the seed density was significantly reduced in both the upper (970 seeds m−2) and lower (689 seeds m−2) seed bank layers. Based on the prevailing environmental conditions and nil grazing strategy of the current study, a single application of either fluroxypyr/aminopyralid, metsulfuron-methyl or triclopyr/picloram/aminopyralid would be sufficient to achieve effective control, whilst a second follow-up application is required with bromoxynil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Management of Senecio madagascariensis (Fireweed)

Wijayabandara

Campbell

Vitelli

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Various herbicides (e.g., glyphosate, 2,4-D, MCPA, tebuthiuron, dicamba, bromoxynil, triclopyr, metsulfuron-methyl, fluroxypyr + aminopyralid, and triclopyr + picloram + aminopyralid) can be used to control S. madagascariensis plants (Wijayabandara et al 2022); however, plants should be sprayed during the early flowering growth stage, which occurs during April (autumn) in Australia, and follow-up treatment is often necessary after 6 mo (Sindel and Coleman 2012). Only limited success has been attained in the biological control of S. madagascariensis (Egli and Olckers 2015, 2020; Fynn et al 2019; Krushelnycky et al 2018; MaFadyen and Morin 2012; Ramadan et al 2010). Hence, integrated management of S. madagascariensis should be adopted in different regions and seasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the influence of environmental factors on fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) germination and its management implications

Hooda,

Chauhan

2024

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis Poir.) has invaded and colonized numerous habitats in the coastal areas of southeastern Australia and is a major weed in cultivated lands as well as in poorly grassed, neglected, and highly grazed pastures. To examine the seed germination ecology of two populations (Felton and Gatton) of S. madagascariensis, experiments were conducted in the laboratory and screenhouse. The germination of both populations increased as the alternating temperatures increased from the coolest temperatures (15/5 C) to warmer temperatures (25/15 C). However, the highest temperature regime (35/25 C) resulted in the lowest germination rates. The Gatton population exhibited greater tolerance to higher temperatures, resulting in significantly higher germination (2.4 times) than the Felton population at the highest alternating temperature of 35/25 C. Compared to the Felton population, the Gatton population demonstrated higher tolerance to salt and water stress. In comparison to alternating light and dark periods (12 h each) (97-98%), the germination of both populations of S. madagascariensis was significantly reduced under complete darkness (24 h) (33-39%). A screenhouse seed burial depth experiment revealed similar emergence of S. madagascariensis seedlings between the populations. The maximum emergence (60%) was observed for seeds placed at the soil surface, followed by a dramatic decline in seedling emergence with an increase in depth. No seedlings emerged from a burial depth of 4 cm. With the addition of wheat crop residue to the soil surface at rates comparable to 4 to 8 Mg ha-1, seedling emergence of S. madagascariensis decreased significantly. Information acquired from this study could be utilized to manage and develop effective weed management strategies for controlling S. madagascariensis in different agroecological conditions.

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Establishment and impact of insect agents deployed for the biological control of invasive Asteraceae: prospects for the control of Senecio madagascariensis

Egli

Olckers

2017

BioControl

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Abundance Across Seasons of Insect Herbivore Taxa Associated with the InvasiveSenecio madagascariensis(Asteraceae), in Its Native Range in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Chemical Management of Senecio madagascariensis (Fireweed)

Chemical Management of Senecio madagascariensis (Fireweed)

Unraveling the influence of environmental factors on fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) germination and its management implications

Establishment and impact of insect agents deployed for the biological control of invasive Asteraceae: prospects for the control of Senecio madagascariensis

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