Abstract P299: Racial and Sex-Related Differences in Aortic and Mitral Valve Disease

Abstract

Background: With the proliferation of echocardiography, clinicians are detecting more patients with valve disease and identifying valve disease much earlier in its natural course. Understanding the gender and racial differences in prevalence of valve disease may help guide clinicians to allocate resources in researching strategies to prevent progression of valve disease. Methods: We identified 9,625 patients from the echocardiography laboratory database between September 2013 to April 2018 who had a LV ejection fraction ≥ 50%. Data related to left-sided valvular disease, baseline demographics, and clinical history were obtained from our clinical data repository. Crude analyses by sex and race were performed to identify the prevalence of certain valve lesions. Logistic regression was used to adjust these relationships by baseline demographics. Results: Our population was 58% female, 21% African-American (AA) with a mean age of 59 ± 17 years. For moderate/severe aortic stenosis (AS), AA had 2.4% compared to 7.5% in Caucasians (CA; p<0.001), and women had 4.8% compared to 8.5% for men (p<0.001). For moderate/severe aortic regurgitation (AR), AA had 4.1% compared to 7.5% in CA (p>0.2), and women had 4.0% compared to 5.4% for men (p=0.003). For moderate/severe mitral regurgitation, AA had 6.6% vs 7.8% for CA (p=0.056), and women had 8.3% vs 6.3% for men (p=0.003). Adjusting for age, race, sex, height, and weight, AA had lower odds ratio (OR) for AS than CA (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.34-0.64; p<0.001), and women had less AS than men (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.50-0.72; p<0.001), less AR (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.54-0.83; p<0.001), but more MR (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.08-1.53; p=0.004). Conclusion: African-Americans have a lower prevalence of moderate/severe aortic stenosis than Caucasians. Compared to men, women have a lower prevalence of moderate/severe aortic stenosis, lower prevalence of moderate/severe aortic regurgitation, but a higher prevalence of mitral regurgitation.