Abstract:Introduction: Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC, which lack estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and HER2), occur three times more frequently in premenopausal women and metastasize expeditiously to brain and lungs. Clinical and experimental evidence shows that estrogen, the main premenopausal ovarian hormone, promotes metastases of TNBC, through their action on the tumor microenvironment. We have shown that 17-β-Estradiol (E2) promotes experimental brain metastases (BM) of TNBC cells by inducing es… Show more
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.