Abstract No. 155: Early Clinical Experience with Real Time Ultrasound-MRI Fusion-Guided Prostate Biopsies

Medical image fusion: A survey of the state of the art

“…Several tumor segmentation methods are reported [18,52,123,126,32,50,145,109,51,144,146,147] that aid to improve the accuracy of tumor identification and automatic detection of tumors from the MR images. The segmentation along with medical image fusion techniques have been widely used in prostate localization [148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,146,131,167,168,169,170,171,133].…”

“…Similar to CT and MRI, a major application of PET is in radiology studies for brain diagnosis and treatment [47,135,48,208,140,143]. There are a wide range of the application of image fusion using PET, some of which are for cancer treatments [51,223,220,162,222,209,225,229,131], image segmentation and integration [51,259], 3D tumor simulation [191], gynecological cancer diagnosis [190], inertial electrostatic confinement fusion [270], gross tumor volume detection [200,271], diagnosis of local recurrence of rectal cancer [214], tumor detection and treatment [246,220], pediatric solid extracranial tumors [251], telemedicine [201], breast cancer detection [184,252,253], oral cancer treatment [254], lung cancer diagnosis [256,272], cervical cancer treatment [202], esophageal cancer diagnosis [260], and pancreatic tumors characterization [207,261].…”

“…There is a wide range of applications where the ultrasound images are used to infer medical data. Some of these are for prostate cancer treatment [271,149,278,234,279,237,162,164,241,170], conformal radiation therapy [271], brachytherapy prostate implant [264,278,234,237,164], image fusion [279,61,162], breast cancer detection [280], liver tumor diagnosis [258], prostate biopsy [177], and esophageal cancer diagnosis [260].…”

“…These major deficiencies necessitate the need to use other modalities to ensure the accuracy of imaging and localization of the regions under test for diagnostic measurements. Examples of fusion techniques that incorporate ultrasound in it are ultrasound-X-rays [271], ultrasound-CT [264,234,237,164,241,258], ultrasound-uoroscopic [278], nuclear medicine-ultrasound [204], microscopy-ultrasound [37], ultrasound-CAD-mammogramsinfrared [280], ultrasound-MRI [149,162,170,177] and PET-CT-ultrasound [260].…”

“…Prostate is another organ that has been studied using multi-modal medical images. There exists a range of techniques and studies on prostrate based image fusion, that often face the challenge deformation of prostrate in multi-modal imaging setups [271,148,149,174,264,278,234,279,282,150,151,152,311,155,312,156,236,237,215,159,239,160,313,162,163,241,165,168,169,171]. The medical image analysis techniques on prostate include localization of the prostate for 3D conformal radiation therapy [148], prostate localization in the post-planning setting [314] evaluation of prostate gland motion and volume changes [315], evaluation of prostate seed brachytherapy [234], thermal ablation of the prostate cancer [152,153], histology study of prostate tissue [279], post implant dosimetric analysis of prostate brachytherapy [157,161], prostate brachytherapy [237,157,161], and biomechanical modeling of prost...…”